| |
Equipment Operation:
Calibration Syringe | 3.0 Liters
Range: 2.895-3.105 L (+ - 3.5%) |
Equipment Operation:
ECG 1 Millivolt | 10 mm vertical deflection on the paper |
Equipment Operation:
ECG Paper speed | 25 mm per second |
Spirometry:
Typical value for Vital Capacity (VC) | Typical Value
4800 mL or 4.8 L |
Spirometry:
Tidal Volume (VT) | Typical Value
500 mL or 0.5 L |
Spirometry:
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) | Typical Value
3100 mL or 3.1 L |
Spirometry:
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) | Typical Value
1200mL or 1.2L |
Spirometry:
Inspiratory Capacity ( IC) | Typical Value
3600 mL or 3.6L |
Spirometry:
Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)
or
Peak Expiratory Flowrate (PEFR) | Typical Value
10L/Second or 600L/minute |
Spirometry:
Forced Expiratory Flow 200-1200
(FEF200-1200) | Typical Value
6L/second |
Spirometry:
Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75%
(FEF 25- 75%) | Typical Value
4-5 L/second |
Spirometry:
Forced Expiratory Volume 1.0/Forced Vital Capacity Ratio
(FEF 1.0/FVC) | Minimum Acceptable Value
70% |
Spirometry:
Maximum Voluntary Ventilation
(MVV) | 170 L/minute |
Spirometry:
FEF50% / FIF50% Ratio | 0.8 - 1.2 |
Lung Testing:
Functional Residual Capacity
(FRC) | Typical Value
2400 mL or 2.4 L |
Lung Testing:
Thoracic Gas Volume
( VTG) | Typical Value
2400 mL or 2.4 L |
Lung Testing:
Residual Volume
(RV) | Typical Value
1200mL or 1.2L |
Lung Testing :
Total Lung Capacity
(TLC) | Typical Value
6000 mL or 6.0 L |
Lung Testing:
RV/TLC Ratio | Typical Value
20 % |
Lung Testing:
Airway Resistance
(Raw) | Typical Value
0.6 - 2.4 cmH2O/ L/ Second |
Lung Testing:
Airway Conductance
(Gaw) | Typical Value
0.42 - 1.67 L/second/cmH2O |
Lung Testing:
Coefficient of Retraction
(COR) | Typical Value
4 - 8 cmH2O/ L |
Lung Testing:
Maximum Static Recoil Pressure | Typical Value
24.4 - 34.5 cmH2O |
Lung Testing:
Compliance
(C) | Typical Value
CL -0.2 L/cmH2O
CT - 0.2L/cmH2O
CLT-0.1 L/cmH2O |
Lung Testing:
Maximum Inspiratory Pressure
(MIP) | Typical Value
- 60 cmH2O |
Lung Testing:
Maximum Expiratory Pressure
(MEP) | Typical Value
80 - 100 cmH2O |
Lung Testing:
CO Diffusion Capacity
(DLCO) | Typical Value
25 mL/CO/minute/mmHg STPD |
Special Procedures:
Alveolar Oxygen Tension
(PAO2) | Normal Value varies directly with patients FiO2 & PB. |
Special Procedures:
A-a Gradient
( PAO2 - PaO2) | Normal Values varies directly wit patients FiO2 & PB. |
Special Procedures:
Arterial Oxygen Content
(CaO2) | 17 - 20 % |
Special Procedures:
Mixed Venous Oxygen Content
( CVO2) | 12 - 16 % |
Special Procedures:
Arterial- Venous Oxygen Content Difference
(C(a-v)O2) | 4 - 5 Vol % |
Special Procedures:
Cardiac Output
(QT) | 4 - 8 L/ minute |
Special Procedures:
Shunt Equation (QS/QT) | 3 - 5 % |
Special Procedures:
Hemoglobin
( Hb) | 12-16 g/100 mL |
Special Procedures:
Hematocrit
(Hct) | 36 - 48 % |
Special Procedures:
Deadspace to Tidal Volume Ratio
(VD / VT) | 20 - 40 % |
Arterial Blood Gases:
PaCO2 | 40 torr
Range:
35 - 45 torr |
Arterial Blood Gases:
PaO2 | 97 torr
Range:
80 - 100 torr |
Arterial Blood Gases:
pH | 7.40
Range:
7.35 - 7.45 |
Arterial Blood Gases:
SaO2 | 98 %
Range:
95 - 100 % |
Arterial Blood Gases:
HCO3 | 24 mEq/ L
Range:
22 - 26 mEq/ L |
Arterial Blood Gases:
BE | 0
Range:
-2 to +2 |
Arterial Blood Gases:
COHb | 0 - 2 %
5 - 10 % in patients who smoke |
Arterial Blood Gases:
P50 | 27 torr |
Arterial Blood Gases:
SPO2 | 93 - 97 % |
Arterial Blood Gases:
ETCO2 | 3 - 5 % |
Arterial Blood Gases:
PETCO2 | 30 torr |
Exercise Testing:
Power ( Watts) | 1 W = 6.12 kpm/minute |
Exercise Testing:
METs | 1 MET = 3.5 mL O2/ minute/ kg (at rest) |
Exercise Testing:
Borg Scale | Range 1 - 20 |
Exercise Testing:
Modified Borg Scale | Range 1 - 10 |
Calculations:
Minute Ventilation
(VE) | 5 - 10 L/ minute
( at rest)
100 - 200 L/ minute ( during exercise) |
Calculations:
Frequency of Breathing
or
Respiratory Rate
(f) | 8 - 12 breaths/ minute
(at rest) |
Calculations:
Tidal Volume
( VT ) | 5 mL /kg Body Weight |
Calculations:
Oxygen Consumption
or
Oxygen Uptake
( VO2) | 0.25 L/minute
(at rest)
Up to 4 L minute
( during exercise) |
Calculations:
Carbon Dioxide Production
(VCO2) | 0.2 L/minute
(at rest)
Up to 4 L minute
( during exercise) |
Calculations:
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
( RER ) | 0.85 ( at rest ) |
Calculations:
Ventilatory Equivalent for Oxygen
( VE/VO2 ) | 20 - 30 L/L of VO2
( at rest and at low to moderate work loads) |
Calculations:
Ventilatory Equivalent for CO2
( VE/ VCO2 ) | 25 -35 L/L of CO2 |
Calculations:
O2 Pulse | 2.5 - 4.0 mL O2/ beat
(at rest)
10 - 15 mL O2/ beat
(during exercise) |
Calculations:
Alveolar - Arterial Oxygen Tension
( PAO2 - PaO2 )
Alveolar - Arterial Oxygen Gradient
( P(A - a)O2 ) | 10 - 20 torr
(at rest or while breathing room air)
Less than 100 torr on 100 % O2 |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Mean Arterial Pressure
( MAP ) | 93 mm Hg |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Right Arterial Pressure
or
Central Venous Pressure
( CVP ) | 2 - 6 mm Hg
4 - 12 cm H2O |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Pulmonary Artery Pressure
( PAP ) | 25/8 mm Hg
14 mm Hg (mean) |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure
( PCWP ) | 8 mmHg
Range :
4 - 12 mm Hg |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Cardiac Output
QT | 4 - 8 L/minute
Depends on body size |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Cardiac Index
( CI ) | 2.5 - 4.0 Liters /minute /m2 |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Systemic Vascular Resistance
( SVR ) | < 20 mmHg/ L/minute
or
1600 Dynes/ second/ cm5 |
Hemodynamic Measurements:
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
( PVR ) | < 2.5 mm Hg/ L/minute
or
200 Dynes/second/cm5 |
Quality Assurance:
Back Extrapolation | < 5% or 150 mL
( Whichever is greater) |
| |