Question | Answer |
chlorophyll | the green pigment found in plants |
photosynthesis | the process in which a plant makes its own food |
tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
chloroplast | an organelle in plant cells that turns sunlight into food |
vacuole | a sac that collects and stores water, food, and other materials |
cuticle | the waxy, waterproof layer that covers most plants |
vascular tissue | the system of tubelike structures in plants that transport nutrients throughout the body |
nonvascular plant | a low-growing plant that lacks true vascular tissue for transporting materials |
rhizoid | a thin, rootlike structure that anchors a moss and absorbs water and nutrients for it |
vascular plant | a plant that has true vascular tissue for transporting materials |
phloem | the vascular tissue that food moves through |
xylem | the vascular tissue that water and minerals move through |
frond | the leaf structures of a moss plant |
pollen | tiny structure produced by the seed plant that contain the cell that later becomes a sperm cell |
seed | the plant structure that contains a young plant and a food supply inside a protective covering |
gymnosperm | a plant that produces seeds directly on the scales of cones-not enclosed by a protective fruit |
angiosperm | a flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed in a protective fruit |
cotyledon | a leaf produced by an embryo of a seed plant; sometimes stores food |
monocot | an angiosperm that has only one seed leaf |
dicot | an angiosperm that has two seed leaves |
root cap | the structure that covers the tip of the root |
cambium | layer of cells that produce xylem and phloem |
stoma | small opening in the bottom of the leaf where materials can move |
transpiration | the process in which water evaporates from leaves |
embryo | the young organism that developed from a zygote |
germination | the sprouting of an embryo |
flower | the reproductive structure of an angiosperm |
pollination | the transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female ones in plants |
sepal | a leaflike structure that encloses and protects the bud of a flower |
petal | the leaflike structure of some flowers |
stamen | the male reproductive part of a flower |
pistil | the female reproductive part of a flower |
ovary | a flower structure that encloses and protects ovules and seeds as they develop |
sporophyte | spore-producing structure |
gametophyte | produces egg-cells and sperm-cells |
annual | flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season |
biennial | angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years |
perennial | flowering plants that live for more than two years |
fertilization | when a sperm-cell unites with an egg-cell |
zygote | the fertilized egg |
cone | reproductive structures of gymnosperms |
ovule | structure with an egg-cell |
fruit | what the ovary changes into when the seed develops |
homeostasis | keeping internal body conditions stable |
adaptation | structures and behaviors that help animals perform their functions |
vertebrate | animal with a backbone |
invertebrate | animal without a backbone |