Question | Answer |
a waxy covering on the upper surface of most leaves that protects from injury and water loss | cuticle |
an opening between two guard cells | stoma |
multiple openings (the plural for stoma) | stomata |
a pair of sausage/oval shaped cells on lower surface of most leaves that control formation of stomata | guard cells |
the process by which water passes out of the stomata of a leaf and into the environment | transpiration |
process by which chlorophyll containing cells (chloroplasts) trap and use energy from the sun to combine carbon dioxide and water into glucose for food, releasing oxygen as a waste product | photosynthesis |
food produced through photosynthesis, stored in the plant cells until needed | glucose |
tightly packed cells under the upper epidermis that contains lots of chloroplasts for photosyhnthesis | palisade cells |
loose area of mesophyll providing room for water, oxygen and carbon dioxide to travel within the leaf | spongy layer |
What are the ingredients for photosynthesis? | energy from sunlight, water from roots, carbon dioxide from air (and chloroplasts in leaf cells) |
What is formed during photosynthesis? | glucose and oxygen |
What comes in stomata? | carbon dioxide |
What goes out stomata? | water and oxygen |
How does a stoma open? | If the leaf has too much water, water will enter the guard cells causing the to swell and buckle. The opening formed is the stoma. |
How does a stoma close? | As excess water is released out the stoma, the guard cells start to lose water and unswell. The gradually closes the stoma. |
veins that carry water through a plant | xylem |
veins that carry glucose (food) through a plant | phloem |
An indicator used to detect the presence of carbon dioxide | Bromthymol blue (BTB) |
A series of reactions in which glucose is "burned" with oxygen to release ENERGY to be stored for life activities | cellular respiration |
What are the reactants (ingredients) of cellular respiration? | oxygen and glucose |
What are the products of cellular respiration? | energy, carbon dioxide and water |
Where is your body does respiration occur? | In the mitochondria of all cells. |
How does ventilation (breathing) relate to cellular respiration? | Inhalation delivers oxygen to the body, which can be used for respiration. The waste carbon dioxide produced by the body during respiration is expelled during exhalation. |
What color is bromthymol blue without carbon dioxide? | blue |
What color is bromthymol blue with carbon dioxide? | yellow-green |
a molecule that absorbs some colors of light and reflects others | pigment |
the common pigment in plants | chlorophyll |
what colors of light does chlorophyll absorb | mostly red and blue, since green is reflected |
what is ATP? | a small molecule produced by cellular respiration that acts as energy currency for the cell |