Question | Answer |
The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
Ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. | Elasticity |
Connective tissue located outside the epimysium | Fascia |
Surrounded by loose connective tissue | Perimysium |
Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | Endomysium |
Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | Epimysium |
Thin myofilaments | Actin myofilaments |
Thick myofilaments | Myosin myofilaments |
Actin and Myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | Sarcomeres |
The charge difference across the membrane is called | Resting membrane potential |
The brief reversal back of the charge is called | Action potential |
A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called | Motor unit |
The enlarged nerve terminal is the | Presynaptic Terminal |
Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor Neurons |
Each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | Neuromusclular Junction OR Synapse |
The enlarged nerve terminal is the | Presynaptic terminal |
The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is the | Synaptic cleft |
The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down by | Acetylcholinesterase |
The sliding action myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called | Sliding filament mechanism |
A contraction of an entire muscle | Muscle twitch |
A muscle finer will not respond to stimulus if stimulus reached a level called | Threshold |
Phenomenon called | All-or-nothing response |
The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag phase |
The time if contraction is the | Contraction |
The time during which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation phase |
Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
The increase in number of motor units being active is called | Recruitment |
The H and a I bands shorten, but the __ ______ do not change in length | A Bands |
___ is needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
They can store another high energy molecule called | Creatine phosphate |
Without oxygen | Anaerobic respiration |
With oxygen | Aerobic respiration |
The _______ _________ is the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions. | Oxygen debt |
Is used when ATP is used during muscle contraction | Muscle Fatigue |
The amount of tension increases during the contraction | Isometric |
The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction | Isotonic |
Keeps head up and back straight | Muscle tone |
Contacts quickly | Fast twitch fibers |
Contacts more slowly | Slow twitch fibers |
Is the most stationary end of muscle | Origin |
Is the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | Insertion |
The portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion is the | Belly |
Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements are | Synergists |
One muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement, it is the | Prime mover |
Muscle the works in opposition to one another are called | Antagonist |
Raises the eyebrows | Occipitofrontalis |
Cloeses the eyelids | Orbicularis oculi |
Puckers the lips | Orbicularis Oris |
Flattens the cheeks | Buccinator |
The kissing muscles | Orbicularis Oris and buccinator |
Smiling muscle | Zygomaticus |
Sneering | Levator labii superioris |
Frowning | Depressor anguli Oris |
Mastication= | Chewing |
4 pairs of muscles of mastication | 2 pair of pterygoids
Temporalis
Masseter |
Change the shape if tongue | Instrinsic tongue muscles |
Move the tongue | Extrinsic tongue muscles |
Rotates and abducts the head | Sternocleidomastoid |
Sheet like muscle that covers the anterolateral neck | Platysma |
Group of muscles on each side if back | Erector spinae |
Muscles that move the thorax | Thoracic muscle |
Most involved in breathing | External and internal intercostals |
Elevate the ribs during inspiration | External intercostals |
Contract during food expiration | Internal intercostals |
Accomplishes quiet breathing | Diaphragm |
The I band is located between the ______ and __________ | The Z line and A bands |
What is between the two A bands | H zone |
What type of myofilaments are in A bands? | Myosin |
What type of myofilaments are in I bands | Actin |
What line is in the H Zone | The M Line |
What is between the two I bands | Z line |
What is between the two Z lines | Sarcomere |
ATP is produced in the | Mitochondria |
Short lived and unstable | ATP |