Question | Answer |
photosynthesis | The process by which plants and some other organisms capture the energy in sunlight and use it to make food. |
Autotroph | An organism that makes its own food. |
Heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food. |
Pigment | A colored chemical compound that absorbs light. |
Chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria. |
Stomata | Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. |
Respiration | The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release energy they contain. |
Fermentation | The process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen. |
Cell Cycle | The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo. |
Interphase | The stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs. |
Replication | The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain. |
Mitosis | The stage of the cell cycle during which the cells nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one copy of the DNA is distributed into each daughter cell. |
Chromosome | A double rod of condensed chromatin. It contains DNA that carries genetic information. |
Cytokinesis | The final stage of the cell cell cycle in which the cell's cytoplasm divides. |
Cancer | A disease in which some body cells grow in size. |
Mutation | A change in a gene or chromosomes. |
Tumor | A mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably. |
Chemotherapy | The use of drugs to treat diseases such as cancer. |
Nearly all living things obtain energy from the energy of ___________ captured during _____________________. | sunlight, photosynthesis |
During photosynthesis, plants and some other organisms use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and ____________ into _________ and _____________. | water, oxygen, sugars |
During ____________, cells break down simple food molecules such as sugar and release the ___________they contain. | respiration, energy |
Fermentation provides energy for cells without using ________________. | oxygen |
_______________ begins when mutations disrupt the normal cell cycle , causing cell to divide in an __________________ way. | Cancer, uncontrolled |
There are three common ways to treat cancer: ____________, ______________, and ___________ that destroy the cancer cells. | surgery, radiation, drugs |
In DNA, which nitrogen base pairs with G? | C |
In DNA, which nitrogen base pairs with T? | A |
Which treatment for cancer would one use if the cancer is found all throughout the body? | Chemotherapy |
Which treatment for cancer would one use if he cancer is localized in one mass called a tumor? | Surgery |
Which treatment for cancer is only in one organ, but it is spread out throughout that organ? | Radiation |
What are the six stages of the cell cycle? | Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis |
during_____________, the cells grow, makes a copy of its _______, and prepares to divide into _______ daughter cells | interphase, DNA, two |
because of the way in which the nitrogen bases pair with each other, the order of the bases in each new_______ molecule exactly matches the order in the ___________ DNA molecule. | DNA, original |
what is the first stage of photosynthesis? | chloroplast in plat cells capture energy from the sun |
what is the second stage of photosynthesis? | the captured light produces glucose and oxygen from water and carbon dioxide |
what is the photosynthesis equation? | 6Co2 plus 6H2o to C6 H12o6 plus 6o2 |
what is the respiration equation? | sugar plus oxygen to carbon dioxide plus water plus energy |
during______________, the cytoplasm divides. the organelles are distributed into each of the two new_________ | cytokinesis, cells |