Question | Answer |
Valence electron | an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom andthat determines the atom's chemical properties |
Chemical bond | the ATTRACTIVE force that holds atoms or ions together |
Compound | a substance made of the ATOMS of TWO or more different ELEMENTS joined by CHEMICAL BONDS |
Covalent bond | a bond formed when ATOMS share ONE or more PAIRS OF ELECTRONS |
Molecule | a GROUP OF ATOMS HELD TOGETHER by CHEMICAL forces, a SMALLEST UNIT OF MATTER that can exist by itself and retain al of a substance's chemical properties |
Ion | an atom or GROUP OF ATOMS that was an electric charge because it has GAINED OR LOSTED ELECTRONS |
Hydrogen bonding | can play an important role in many of the molecules that MAKE UP LIVING THINGS |
Latent heat | can cut organisms maintain a constant internal temperature |
Cohesion | the force that holds molecules of a single material together |
Adhesion | the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other |
Solution | a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed |
pH | a value that is used to express the acidity of a system |
Buffer | a solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralize small amounts of acids added to it |
Base | any compound that increase the number of hydroxide ion when dissolved in water |
Acids | any compound that increase the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
Carbohydrates | a class of molecules that are mode of sugars |
Lipid | a fat molecules that has the similar properties |
Protein | an compound made of one or more chains of amino acids |
Amino acid | a compound of a class of simple compounds |
Nucleic acid | a long chain of nucleotide units |
Nucleotide | a molecule made up of three parts |
DNA | the material that contains the information that determines inherited traits |
RNA | all living cells that plays a role in protein sythesis |
ATP | the main source for cell processes |
Enzyme | a molecule that acts as a catalyst in reactions |
Atom | the smallest unit of matter |
Element | a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means |
Energy | The capacity to do work |
Reactant | A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
Product | A substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
Activation energy | The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction |
Substrate | The reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes |
Active site | The site that attaches to a substrate on an enzyme |