Term | Definition |
Nucleus | Structure: surrounded by nuclear envelope; filled with nuclear pores; nuclear envelope continuous with ER
Function: houses chromosomes, which are made of chromatin; contains nucleoli, where ribosomal units are made; pored regulate entry and exit |
Ribosome | Structure: 2 subunits made of ribosomal RNA and proteins; can be free in Christi or bound to ER
Function: protein synthesis |
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | Structure: extensive network or membrane bounded tubules and sacs; membrane separates lumen from cytosol; continuous with nuclear envelope
Function: lipid synthesis, metabolism of carbohydrates, Calcium storage, drug and poison detoxification |
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | Structure: same as smooth er
Function: aids in synthesis of secretory and other proteins from bound ribosomes; adds carbohydrates to proteins to make glycoproteins; produces new membrane |
Golgi apparatus | Structure: stacks of flattened membranous sacs; has polarity (Cis and trans faces)
Function: stores and packages proteins and phospholipids, synthesis of many polysaccharides |
Lysosomes | Structure: membranous sac of hydrologic enzymes
Function: breakdown of ingested substances, cell macromolecules, and damaged organelles for recycling |
Vacuole | Structure: large membrane bound organelle
Function: digestion, storage, waste disposal, star balance, plant cell growth and protection |
Mitochondria | Structure: bounded by double membrane; inner membrane has cristae
Function: cellular respiration; makes ATP |
Chloroplast | Structure: 2 membranes around fluid storms, which contains thylakoids into grana
Function: photosynthesis |
Peroxisome | Structure: Specialized metabolic compartment bounded by a single membrane
Function: contains enzymes that transfer hydrocarbon atoms from certain colegiales to oxygen produicing hydrogen peroxide |