Question | Answer |
7 Tarsal bones | Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, Medial Cuneiform, Middle Cuneiform, Lateral Cuneiform, Cuboid |
Which bone is a weight bearing bone in the leg? | Tibia Bone |
what is the largest and most complex joint of the body? | Knee Joint |
what 3 joints and cavity form the knee joint? | intermediate patellofemoral joint, lateral biofemoral joint, medial joint, synovial cavitiy |
tibial (medial) and fibular (lateral) collateral ligament | prevents side-to-side movement |
Anterior Cruciate ligament | prevents hypertension of knee and prevents anterior sliding of tibia on femur |
Posterior Cruciate ligament | prevents posterior sliding of tibia on femur |
Menisci | disperse friction on knee |
Unhappy Triad | rupture of medial collateral ligament, tearing of anterior cruciate ligament and medial meniscus |
what spinal nerves make up the Lumbar Plexus | L1-L4 |
what spinal nerves make up the Sacral Plexus | L4-S4 |
Major nerves of Lumbar Plexus | Femoral Nerve and Obturator Nerve |
Major nerves of Sacral Plexus | Sciatic nerve |
Sciatic nerve | longest and thick nerve of the body |
What is inverted in the Femoral Nerve | Iliacus, Psoas Major, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius and sartorius |
What is inverted in the Obturator Nerve | Adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis |
What is inverted in the Superior Gluteal Nerve | gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae |
What is inverted in the Inferior Gluteal Nerve | Gluteus Maximus |
Injury in Common Fibula Nerve | foot drop |
What is inverted in the Sciatic Nerve | biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, adductor magnus |
What is inverted in the Tibial Nerve | gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus |
What is inverted in the Deep fibular Nerve | tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus |
What is inverted in the Superficial Fibular Nerve | fibularis longus, fibularis brevis |
What muscle is inverted by both obturator and sciatic nerve? | adductor magnus |
Intramuscular injection site | gluteus medius, vastus lateralis, deltoid |
Femoral Triangle | inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus
floor: iliopsoas |
Contents of femoral triangle: | femoral vein, femoral artery, femoral nerve, deep inguinal lymph nodes, and GREAT Saphenous vein |
Popliteal Fossa | Semitendinousus, Semimembranousus, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius |
Contents of Popliteal Fossa | politeal artery and vein, bifurcation of sciatic nerve into tibial & common fibular nerve, entrance to SMALL Saphenous vein |
Great Saphenous Vein | longgest vein in body, medial side of lower limb, empties into femoral vein, becomes varicose with formation of clots, used in coronary bypass surgery, used to prolonged IV |
What muscles INSERT @ Lesser Trochanter of femur | Psoas Major and Iliacus |
Actions of Psoas Major and Iliacus | flex thigh, laterally rotates thigh |
ORIGIN of Gluteus Maximus | Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx |
INSERTION of Gluteus Maximus | Iliotibial tract, linea aspera |
Action of Gluteus Maximus | extends @ thigh, laterally rotates thigh |
ORIGIN of Gluteus Medius | Ilium |
INSERTION of Gluteus Medius | great trochanter of femur, |
Action of Gluteus Medius | abducts thigh, medially rotates thigh |
ORIGIN of Tensor Fasciae Latae | Iliac Crest |
INSERTION of Tensor Fasciae Latae | Tibia by way of Iliotibial tract |
ORIGIN of Piriformis | Anterior Sacrum |
INSERTION of Piriformis | Greater Trochanter of femur |
Action of Piriformis | Abducts thigh, laterally rotates thigh |
What 3 muscles Adduct and flex thigh? | Adductor Longus, Adductor Magnus, Gracilis |
ORIGIN of Adductor Longus | Pubic Symphysis |
INSERTION of Adductor Longus AND Adductor Magnus | Linea Aspera |
ORIGIN of Gracilis | Inferior Ramus of Pubic |
INSERTION of Gracilis | Medial of Tibia |
ORIGIN of Adductor Magnus | Inferior Ramus of Pubic and Ischium |
What 4 muscles extend leg @ knee | Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius |
What muscles ORIGIN @ linea aspera | Vastus Lateralis and Vastus Medialis |
ORIGIN of Rectus Femoris | Ant. Inf. Iliac Spine |
What muscles INSERT @ Tibial Tuberosity? | Rectus Femoris, Vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius |
ORIGIN of Vastus Intermedius | Ant. Femur |
ORIGIN of Sartorius | Ant. Sup. Iliac Spine |
INSERTION of Sartorius | Medial Surface of Tibia |
Action of Sartorius | flexes leg @ knee, abducts, laterally rotates thigh |
What 3 muscles compose the hamstrings | Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus |
Action of Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus | flex leg and extend thigh |
What muscles ORIGIN @ Ischial Tuberosity | Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus |
Bicep Femoris also ORIGIN where? | short head of Linea Aspera |
INSERTION of Biceps Femoris | head of fibula |
INSERTION @ Medial surface & condyle of tibia? | Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus |
ORIGIN of Tibialis Anterior | lateral condyle & body of tibia |
INSERTION of Tibialis Anterior | 1st cuneiform & 1st metatarsal |
What muscles dorsi flex foot? | Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus |
Other action of Tibialis Anterior | inverts foot |
Other action of Extensor Hallucis | extend big toe |
Other action of Extensor Digitorum Longus | extend toes |
What muscles Plantar flex foot and evert foot? | Fibularis longus and brevis |
ORIGIN of Fibularis longus | head and body of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia |
INSERTION of Fibularis longus | 1st metatarsal and 1st cuneiform |
What muscles only plantar flexes foot | Gastrocnemuis and soleus |
ORIGN of Gastrocnemius | lateral & medial condyles of femur |
ORIGIN of Soleus | head of fibula and medial border or tibia |