Question | Answer |
Adenosine
Action | Depresses AV nodal conduction |
Adenosine
Indications | Stable PSVT |
Adenosine
Contraindications | A) second degree AV block
B) complete heart block |
Adenosine
Side effects
(4) | 1. Transient flushing
2. Dyspnea
3. Chest pain
4. Dysrhythmia |
Adenosine
Dosage | Adult: 6 mg
12 mg
Pediatric: 0.1 mg/kg
0.2 mg/kg
0.2 mg/kg |
Albuterol
Action | Beta-adrenergic bronchodilator |
Albuterol
Indications | A) asthma
B) COPD |
Albuterol
Contraindications | None |
Albuterol
Side effects
(6) | Tremor, palpitations, tachycardia, HTN, anxiety, headache |
Albuterol
Dosage | Adults: 2.5mg nebulized
Repeat twice PRN
Pediatric: 2.5 mg nebulized |
Amiodarone
Action | Antidysrthmic with complex mechanism of action |
Amiodarone
Indications | Vfib, Vtach |
Amiodarone
Contraindications | None in cardiac arrest |
Amiodarone
Side effects | None in cardiac arrest |
Amiodarone
Dosage
Adult | Cardiac arrest: 300mg
Stable Vtach: 150mg over 10 min
Infusion: 1mg/min |
Amiodarone
Dosage
Pediatric | Cardiac arrest: 5mg/kg max 15 mg/kg
Stable Vtach: 5mg/kg over 10 min |
Aspirin
Action | Inhibits platelet aggregation |
Aspirin
Indication | ACS |
Aspirin
Contraindications
(4) | Hypersensitivity, stroke, peptic ulcer, asthma |
Aspirin
Side effects
(2) | Upset stomach, gastritis |
Aspirin
Dosage | 324 mg |
Atropine
Action | Blocks parasympathetic nerve activity |
Atropine
Indications | Symtomatic bradycardia |
Atropine
Contraindications | High degree blocks |
Atropine
side effects
(3) | Tachycardia, dilated pupils, dry mouth |
Atropine
Dosage | Adult: 0.5 mg 3-5 min max 3
Pediatric: 0.02 mg/kg 3-5 min max 1 |
Dextrose
Action | Directly elevates serum glucose |
Dextrose
Indications | Hypoglycemia |
Dextrose
Contraindications | None |
Dextrose
Side effects | Soft tissue damage in blown IV, may worsen neurological injury in stroke |
Dextrose
Dosage | Adult: 25-50 ml
Pediatric: 0.5g/kg |
Diltiazem
Action | Calcium channel blocker which slows AV nodal conduction |
Diltiazem
Indications | AFIB/flirted with sustained ventricular response over 120/min |
Diltiazem
Contraindications
(3) | Broad-complex tach, 2nd or 3rd degree block, WPW |
Diltiazem
Side effects
(2) | Hypotension, bradycardia |
Diltiazem
Dosage | 0.25 mg/kg over 2 min
May repeat in 10 min
0.35 mg/kg over 2 min |
Diphenhydramine
Action | Antihistamine |
Diphenhydramine
Indications | Allergic reactions |
Diphenhydramine
Contraindications
(2) | Glaucoma, Newborn infants |
Diphenhydramine
Side effects
(4) | Dryness of mucous membranes, thickening of bronchial secretions, sedation, blurred vision |
Diphenhydramine
Dosage | Adults: 25-50
Pediatrics: 1mg/kg |
Dopamine
Action | Catecholamine precursor which stimulates dopaminergic, beta adrenergic and alpha adrenergic receptors |
Dopamine
Indications
(4) | 1)cardiogenic shock 2)Hypotension w/ no HV 3) S Brady refractory to TCP 4) hypotension w Bradycardia |
Dopamine
Contraindications | Known hypovolemia |
Dopamine
Side effects
(3) | 1)Tachycardia
2)ventricular ectopy
3) increased myocardial oxygen demand |
Dopamine
Dosage | 5mcg/kg/min |
Epi 1:10,000
Action
(7) | Alpha and beta adrenergic, systemic vascular resistance, HR, BP, strength of myocardial contraction, coronary and cerebral blood flow and automaticity. |
Epi 1:10,000
Indications
(2) | Adults: cardiac arrest
Pediatrics: symptomatic bradycardia |
Epi 1:10,000
Contraindications | None |
Epi 1:10,000
Side effects | None |
Epi 1:10,000
Dosage | Adults: 1mg 3-5 min
Pediatrics: 0.01 mg/kg 3-5 min |
Epi 1:1,000
Actions | Catecholamine used in treatment of allergic reactions |
Epi 1:1,000
Indications | 1) allergic reactions 2) Asthma/COPD |
Epi 1:1,000
Contraindications | Adults > 45 years of age (OLMC) |
Epi 1:1,000
Side effects
(5) | 1)palpitations 2)arrhythmias 3)HTN 4)anxiety 5)tremulousness |
Epi 1:1,000
Dosage | Adults: 0.3mg
Pediatrics: 0.01mg/kg max 0.3 |
Etomidate
Action | Short-acting hypnotic agent used for induction of general anesthesia |
Etomidate
Indications
(3) | 1) cardioversion
2)RSI
3)Unstable Vtach,PSVT, AFIB/flutter |
Etomidate
Contraindications | None |
Etomidate
Side effects
(4) | 1)apnea 2)hypotension 3)vomiting 4)adrenocortical suppression |
Etomidate
Dosage | Adults: 0.3mg/kg max 30
Pediatrics: 0.3mg/kg max 10.8 |
Furosemide
Actions | Diuresis |
Furosemide
Indications | CHF |
Furosemide
Contraindications | None |
Furosemide
Side effects | None |
Furosemide
Dosage | 1mg/kg max100 |
Glucagon
Action | Increases serum glucose by conversion of hepatic glycogen |
Glucagon
Indications | Hypoglycemia if IV unsuccessful |
Glucagon
Contraindications | None |
Glucagon
Side effects | None |
Glucagon
Dosage | Adult: 1mg
Pediatrics: 0.5mg 3-18kg. 1mg 19-36kg |
Haloperidol
Action | Major tranquilizer as adjunct to physical restraint in behavioral emergencies |
Haloperidol
Indications | Behavioral emergencies |
Haloperidol
Contraindications
(4) | 1)Hypotension, 2)tachycardia, (3)dysrhythmia, (4)known seizure disorder |
Haloperidol
Side effects
(4) | 1)hypotension, 2)tachycardia, 3)dystonia, 4)lowered seizure threshold |
Haloperidol
Dosage | 5mg, 2.5mg, 2.5mg |
Hydroxocobalamine
Indications | Treatment of known or suspected cyanide poisoning |
Hydroxocobalamine
Contraindications | None |
Hydroxocobalamine
Side effects | Increased blood pressure, allergic reactions |
Hydroxocobalamine
Dosage | Manufacturer's guidelines |
Hydromorphone HCL
Action | Narcotic analgesic which relieves pain and anxiety and dilates blood vessels |
Hydromorphone HCL
Indications | Adult pain management, including burns, ACS and pacing. Pediatric pain management for > 1 year of age only. |
Hydromorphone
Contraindications | Any indications other than pain management |
Hydromorphone HCL
Side effects
(5) | 1)respiratory depression, 2)hypoxia, 3)hypotension, 4)nausea, 5)vomiting |
Hydromorphone HCL
Dosage | Adult: 0.5-2mg increments of 0.5
Pediatrics: 0.015mg/kg max0.5 |
Ipratropium
Action | Bronchodilator |
Ipratropium
Indications
(2) | 1) adult obstructive pulmonary disease
2) pediatric respiratory distress(asthma) |
Ipratropium
Contraindications | None |
Ipratropium
Side effects
(6) | 1)tremor, 2)palpitations, 3)tachycardia, 4)HTN, 5)anxiety, 6)headache |
Ipratropium
Dosage | Adult: 0.5mg
Pediatric: 0.25mg |
Lidocaine
Action | Local anesthetic action |
Lidocaine
Indications | Optional pain management for IO infusion, always follow with NS flush. |
Lidocaine
Contraindications | Known history of hypersensitivity to drug |
Lidocaine
Side effects
(3) | 1)allergic reactions, 2)drowsiness, 3)lightheaded |
Lidocaine
Dosage | Adult: 20-40mg |
Methylprednisolone
Action | Corticosteroid which stabilizes membranes and decreases inflammation |
Methylprednisolone
Indications
(3) | 1)allergic reactions 2)COPD 3)pediatric asthma |
Methylprednisolone
Contraindications | None |
Methylprednisolone
Side effects | None |
Methylprednisolone
Dosage | Adult: 125mg
Pediatrics: 2mg/kg |
Midazolam
Action
' | Benzodiazepine sedative, useful for terminating status elipticus |
Midazolam
Indications
(4) | 1)seizures, 2)status elipticus, 3)sedation following RSI, 4)behavioral restraint after administration of rocuronium and for discomfort associated with cardiac pacing. |
Midazolam
Contraindications | None |
Midazolam
Side effects
(2) | 1)respiratory depression, 2)hypotension |
Midazolam
Dosage | Adult: 5mg, 2.5, 2.5
Pediatric: 0.05 mg/kg max 1.8 |
Naxalone
Actions | Narcotic antagonist |
Naloxone
Indications | Known or suspected opioid OD, especially with respiratory depression. |
Naloxone
Contraindications | None |
Naloxone
Side effects | Acute withdrawal syndrome in opioid addicts |
Naloxone
Dosage | Adult: 0.4-2mg
Pediatrics: 0.1mg/kg |
Nitroglycerin
action
(3) | Dilates coronary arteries by relaxing vascular smooth muscle. Increases myocardial blood flow and decreases myocardial work. |
Nitroglycerin
Indications
(2) | A) chest pain
B) CHF |
Nitroglycerin
Contraindications
(2) | A) Hypotension
B) ED drugs within preceding 48 hours |
Nitroglycerin
Side effects
(3) | 1)headaches, 2)hypotension, 3)syncope |
Nitroglycerin
Dosage | Adult: 0.4mg repeat 5min prn
Pump: 5mcg/min |
Ondansetron
Action | Antiemetic agent |
Ondansetron
Indications | Nausea and vomiting |
Ondansetron
Contraindications | None |
Ondansetron
Side effects | None |
Ondansetron
Dosage | Adult: 4mg
Pediatric: 0.15mg/kg max 4mg may repeat in 20 minutes |
Rocuronium
Action | Non-depolirizing neuromuscular blocking agent |
Rocuronium
Indications
(2) | 1)post-intubation agitation 2)induced hypothermia following ROSC |
Rocuronium
Contraindications | Pregnancy |
Rocuronium
Side effects | Occasional allergic reaction |
Rocuronium
Dosage | Adult: 0.6mg/kg max 60mg
Pediatric: 0.6mg/kg max 21.6mg |
Succinylcholine
Action | Ultra short acting depolirizing type skeletal muscle relaxant |
Succinylcholine
Indications | RSI |
Succinylcholine
contraindications
(4) | 1)massive burns 2)massif crush injuries 3)penetrating eye injury 4)organophosphate poisoning |
Succinylcholine
Side effects
(5) | 1)rhabdomyolysis 2)hyperkalemia 3)ventricular arrhythmia 4)malignant hyperthermia 5)prolonged respiratory depression |
Succinylcholine
Dosage | Adult: 1.5 mg/kg max 120
Pediatric: 2mg/kg max 72 |