Question | Answer |
All living things are composed of these. | Cells |
Two Classifications of cells | Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes |
Two sub-classifications of Prokaryotes | Bacteria and Archea |
All cells contain | Plasma Membrane, nucleus and ribosomes |
Only animal cells have | lysosomes |
Only plant cells have | chloroplasts,cell walls and central vacuoles |
These are selectively permeable | membranes |
This type of transport does not require energy | passive |
This type of transport does require energy | active |
Active transport uses this type of energy | ATP |
Process in which molecules move down concentration gradient | diffusion |
diffusion of water | osmosis |
When larger molecules move through embedded transport proteins | Facilitated Diffusion |
Process that imports materials to cell | Endocytosis |
Process that exports materials out of cell | Exocytosis |
Materials that need to be moved are carried in a structure called | vesicle |
This is stored in chromosomes | DNA |
Directs activity of the cell | Nucleus |
The nuclear membrane contains these to let materials through | pores |
DNA molecules wrapped around proteins | chromatin |
chromatin folds to form a | chromosome |
Produces ribosomal RNA | Nucleolus |
DNA contains instructions for the construction of | proteins |
Involved in nearly all cell functions | proteins |
Sight of protein production | Ribosomes |
Two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | Smooth and Rough |
Golgi Apparatus is responsible for | packaging |
The process in which DNA is broken to make mRNA | Transcription |
Process that occurs in cytoplasm; advances to golgi to be modified | Translation |
Some are embedded in rough ER, while others float freely in cytoplasm | Ribosomes |
Contains enzymes that produce lipids | Smooth ER |
Contains ribosomes that produce proteins | Rough ER |
Finishes, sorts and ships cell products | Golgi Apparatus |
Shipping method for exocytosis | Secretory |
Proteins can become a component of | Plasma Membrane |
Provides energy for all cells | Organelles |
In all plant cells and some algae | chloroplasts |
Powerhouse of the cell | Mitochondria |
Ooccurs in chloropolasts | Photosynthesis |
Intracellular Sacs that store food and nutrients | Vacuoles |
Single hair-like that propels sperm cells | flagella |
Small hair-like structures that move materials across the cell membrane | cilia |
Structure in plants and fungi that is made of cellulose | Cell wall |
Network of protein fibers that provide mechanical support, anchorage and reinforcement | Cytoskeleton |
Defined as the capacity to do work | Energy |
Energy due to it's location or structure | Potential |
Energy of motion | Kinetic |
Energy cannot be | created or destroyed |
Energy can be | Converted |
Biproduct of energy conversion | Heat |
Type of energy used by plants | Solar Energy |
Convert suns energy into chemical energy | Producers |
Process in which oxygen is used to harvest energy stored in sugar | Cellular Respiration |
Cellular Respiration occurs in | Mitochondria |
Cellular Respiration occurs as the type of respiration | aerobic |
`This builds up in muscles | Lactic Acid |
Name for egg and sperm cells | Gametes |
Name for testes and ovaries | gonads |
This is a segment of DNA | gene |
In preparation for division of chromosomes | Interphase |
During interphase the cell | grows, normal functions, duplicates chromosomes |
Phase where cell undergoes active division | Mitotic Phase |
22 pairs of chromosomes are called | autosomes |
chromosomes organized into homologous pairs | karyotypes |
Two rounds of cell division, resulting in four haploid cells | meiosis |