Term | Definition |
skeletal system | system made up of 206 bones that has several functions |
joint | place where two bones meet |
hinge joint | allows one direction movement (elbow) |
ball and socket joint | allows circular movement (shoulder) |
gliding joint | allows partial movement (wrist) |
pivot joint | allows up, down, side to side movement (head) |
slightly movable joint | limited movement (vertebrae) |
immovable joint | doesn't allow any movement (skull) |
osteoporosis | brittle bones caused by a lack of calcium |
dislocation | bone that is pushed out of a joint |
arthritis | painful swelling of the joints, caused by wearing away of cartilage |
fracture | a break in a bone |
osteoblasts | bone forming cells that replace cartilage |
osteoclasts | cells that break down bone and release calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream |
functions of the skeletal system | protect organs, stores minerals, provides support, allows movement, produces red blood cells |
calcium | stored in bones and important for muscle contraction and proper functioning, builds strong bones |
phosphorus | stored in bones and helps in energy production |
axial skeleton | bones that support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk |
appendicular skeleton | composed of bones that anchor the appendages of the body to the rest |
periosteum | outer membrane of bone that covers it, blood vessels and nerves can enter |
compact bone | hard, weight bearing part of bone that is strong because of tight bone cells |
spongy bone | strong but light-weight part of bone that is porous and found at the end of bone |
marrow | soft, fatty tissue found in the center of bone where blood cells are produced |
ligaments | elastic fibers which holds bones together |
tendons | connective tissue that joins muscles to bones |
cartilage | hard and flexible tissue that is in between bones, ears and nose, baby's are mostly this when born |