Class | Brand(s) | Generic | Indication & Dosing | C/I | ADRs | BBW |
Analgesic, Opioid | Dolophine (C-II) | methadone (Y) | Chronic pain: q8-12h
Detoxification: once
IV soln, oral soln, tab | Resp depression, Asthma, Hypercarbia, Paralytic ileus, Selegiline | None | **Addiction, abuse, & misuse* *Life-threatening resp. depression* *Life-threatening QT prolongation* *Accidental exposure* *Neonatal opioid w/drawal* *Tx of opioid addiction* *Appropriate use* *Cardiac conduction effects** |
Analgesic, Opioid | OxyContin, Roxicodone (C-II) | oxycodone (Y) | Pain: q4-6h PRN (IR) or q12h (ER)
cap, oral conc, oral soln, tab, ER tab | Resp depression, Hypercarbia, Asthma, Paralytic ileus, GI obstruction | Drowsiness
Pruritus
Constipation
Fever | **Addiction, abuse, & misuse* *Life-threatening resp. depression* *Accidental ingestion* *Neonatal opioid w/drawal* *CYP3A4 interaction* *Appropriate use (oral concentration & solution)** |
Analgesic, Opioid | ConZip, Ultram, Ultram ER, Ryzolt, Rybix (C-IV) | tramadol (?) | Pain: q4-6h (IR) or daily (ER)
ER cap, ER tab, ODT, tab | Resp depression, Asthma, GI obstruction, Paralytic ileus, MAOI | Flushing
CNS stimulation
Xerostomia
Weakness | **Addiction, abuse, & misuse* *Life-threatening resp. depression* *Accidental ingestion* *Neonatal opioid w/drawal* *CYP P450 interaction* *Risks from concomitant use w/ benzos or other CNS depressants** |
Analgesic, Opioid Combination | Percocet (C-II) | oxycodone/APAP (Y) | Pain: q6h PRN
tab | Resp depression, Asthma, Hypercarbia, Paralytic ileus | DZ
Nausea | **Addiction, abuse, & misuse* *Life-threatening resp. depression* *Accidental exposure* Neonatal opioid w/drawal* *CYP3A4 interaction* *Hepatotoxicity* *Concomitant use w/ benzos or other CNS depressants** |
Antibiotic, Penicillin | Amoxil, Trimox, Moxatag (Rx) | amoxicillin (Y) | ENT inf, GU inf, H. pylori, RTI, pharyngitis & tonsillitis, SASSI: q8-12h (IR) or daily (ER)
cap, susp, tab, chew tab, ER tab | None | None | None |
Antibiotic, Penicillin | Augmentin (Rx) | amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Y) | CAP, otitis, RTI, sinusitis, SASSI, UTI
susp, tab, chew tab, tab ER | Hx of hepatic dysfx w/med, Renal dysfx | Diarrhea | None |
Antibiotic, Penicillin | Penicillin G, Penicillin VK (Rx) | penicillin G, penicillin VK (Y) | Gram (+) inf, etc: q6-8h
IM & IV soln (G), oral soln & tab (VK) | None | (VK) Melanoglossia, oral candidiasis | None |
Anticholinergic Agent | Bentyl (Rx) | dicyclomine (Y) | IBS: QID
cap, IM soln, oral soln, tab | Obstruction in GI/uropathy, Ulcerative colitis, Esophagitis, Unstable CV (in acute hemorrhage), Glaucoma, Myasthenia gravis, Breastfeeding, < 6M | DZ
Xerostomia
Blurred vision | None |
Anticonvulsant | Topamax (Rx) | topiramate (Y) | Epilepsy: BID, Migraine Px: QPM
cap sprinkle, tab | None | Patesthesia, memory impairment
Weight loss
Anorexia
Upper RTI
Fever | None |
Anticonvulsant; GABA Analog | Neurontin, Horizant, Gralise (Rx) | gabapentin (?) | PHN:QAM-BID, RLS: QPM, Seizures: TID
cap, oral soln, tab, tab ER | None | DZ, ataxia
viral inf | None |
Antidepressant, SNRI | Cymbalta (Rx) | duloxetine (Y) | Chronic pain, DPN, Fibromyalgia, GAD, MDD: daily
cap DR | MAOI, Linezolid, IV methylene blue | HA
Xerostomia
Weight loss
Weakness | **Suicidal thoughts & behavior** |
Antidepressant, TCA (Secondary Amine) | Pamelor (Rx) | nortiptyline (Y) | Depression: TID-QID
cap, oral soln | Dibenazaepine allergy, Acute MI, MAOI, Linezolid, IV methylene blue | None | **Suicidality in children & adolescents** |
Antidepressant, TCA, Alpha2 Antagonist | Remeron (Rx) | mirtazepine (Y) | MDD: QPM
ODT, tab | MAOI, Linezolid, IV methylene blue | Drowsiness
Weight gain
Xerostomia | **Suicidality & antidepressant drugs** |
Antidiabetic Agent, Biguanide | Glucophage, Riomet, Fortamet (Rx) | metformin (?) | T2DM: daily-BID
oral soln, tab, tab ER | Renal dysfx, Metabolic acidosis | Diarrhea, flatulence | **Lactic acidosis** |
Antidiabetic Agent, Biguanide & DPP-4 Inhibitor | Janumet (Rx) | sitagliptin/metformin (N) | T2DM: daily-BID
tab, tab ER | Renal dysfx, Metabolic acidosis | None | **Lactic acidosis** |
Antidiabetic Agent, DPP-4 Inhibitor | Onglyza (Rx) | saxagliptin (N) | T2DM: daily
tab | None | None | None |
Antidiabetic Agent, DPP-4 Inhibitor | Januvia (Rx) | sitagliptin (N) | T2DM: daily
tab | None | None | None |
Antidiabetic Agent, GLP-1 Receptor Agonist | Byetta, Bydureon (Rx) | exenatide (N) | T2DM: BID (IR) or weekly (ER)
SQ pen | Cancers (thyroid, endocrine) | Ha
Hypoglycemia
Injection site nodule/rxn | **Risk of thyroid C-cell tumors (Bydureon)** |
Antidiabetic Agent, GLP-1 Receptor Agonist | Victoza, Saxenda (Rx) | liraglutide (N) | Chronic weight mgt, T2DM: daily
SQ pen | Cancers (thyroid, endocrine)
Pregnancy (Sax) | Inc HR
HA
Hypoglycemia
N/V/D/C | **Thyroid C-cell tumor risk** |
Antidiabetic Agent, Thiazolidinedione | Actos (Rx) | pioglitazone (Y) | T2DM: daily
tab | HF | Edema
Hypoglycemia
Upper RTI | **CHF** |
Antiemetic, Histamine H1 Antagonist | Phenergan (Rx) | promethazine (Y) | Allergy: HS +/- AC, N/V: q4-6h PRN, Motion sickness: BID, Surgical analgesia, etc, Sedation: once
IM/IV soln, supp, oral soln, syrup, tab | Coma, lower RTI, age < 2, Intra-arterial/SQ admin | None | **Resp. depression (peds)* *Severe tissue injury, including gangrene (injection)** |
Antiemetic, Selective 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist | Zofran (Rx) | ondansetron (?) | CINV, RANV, Px PONV: prior +/- q4 (IV), 8-12 (PO)h
inj soln, ODT, soln, tab | Apomorphine | HA
Constipation | None |
Antimigraine Agent, 5-HT1B, 1D Agonist | Imitrex (Rx) | sumatriptan (Y) | Migraine, Cluster HA: once, may repeat in 2h PRN
nasal soln, SQ soln, tab | Ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular syn, PVD, HTN, ergots, MAOIs, arrhythmias, hepatic dysfx | (inj) Tingling, injection site rxn
(nasal) dysgeusia | None |
Antiretroviral, Protease Inhibitor (Anti-HIV) | Prezista (Rx) | darunavir (N) | HIV: daily-BID w/ritonavir
susp, tab | CYP3A4s w/NTI | Rash
Hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia
N/V/D | None |
Antiretroviral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, (Anti-HIV) | Atripla (Rx) | emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz (N) | HIV: daily
tab | Bepridil, cisapride, midazolam, triazolam, vori, ergots, St John's, pimozide | Hypercholesterolemia | **Lactic acidosis/severe hepatomegaly w/steatosis* *Hep B coinfection** |
Antiviral Agent | Zovirax (Rx) | acyclovir (Y) | HSV, HZV, Varicella: BID-FID
cap, IV soln, susp, tab | None | Malaise | None |
CNS Stimulant | Aptensio XR, Concerta, Daytrana, Ritalin, Metadate, Methylin (C-II) | methylphenidate (?) | ADHD, Narcolepsy: QAM-BID
cap ER, patch, oral soln, tab, chew tab, tab ER | MAOI, Anxiety, Glaucoma, Tourette syn (more for cap ER like halogenated anesthetics & fructose intolerance) | HA
Decreased appetite | **Abuse & dependence** |
Histamine H2 Antagonist | Pepcid (Rx) | famotidine (Y) | Ulcers, GERD, etc: QHS-BID, Hypersecretory cond: q6h
IV soln, susp, tab | None | Agitation
Vomiting | None |
Histamine H2 Antagonist | Zantac (Rx [OTC]) | ranitidine (?) | Ulcers, GERD, etc., Hypersecretory cond: QPM-QID or cont IV
cap, IM soln, IV soln, syrup, tab | None | None | None |
Hypnotic | Ambien, Ambien CR, Edluar, Zolpimist, Intermezzo (C-IV) | zolpidem (?) | Insomnia: QHS
oral inh, tab, tab ER, SL tab | None | HA | None |
Insulin, Intermediate-Acting | Humulin N, Humulin R (Rx [OTC]) | insulin (N) | DM: varies
SQ soln, SQ pen | Hypoglycemia | None | None |
Insulin, Long-Acting | Levemir (Rx) | insulin detemir (N) | DM: QPM-BID
SQ soln, SQ pen | None | HA
Hypogylcemia
Gastroenteritis
Flu-like Sx | None |
Insulin, Long-Acting | Lantus, Lantus Solostar (Rx) | insulin glargine (N) | DM: daily
SQ soln, SQ pen | Hypoglycemia | HTN
Depression
Hypoglycemia
Diarrhea
UTI
Infection
Arthralgia
Retinopathy
Sinusitis | None |
Insulin, Rapid-Acting | NovoLog, NovoLog Flexpen (Rx) | insulin aspart (N) | DM: daily
SQ soln, SQ pen | Hypoglycemia | Hypoglycemia
HA
Accidental injury | None |
Insulin, Rapid-Acting | Humalog, Humalog Kwikpen (Rx) | insulin lispro (N) | DM: daily
SQ soln, SQ pen | Hypoglycemia | HA
Infection
Flu-like Sx | None |
N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist | Namenda, Namenda XR (Rx) | memantine (?) | AD: daily-BID
cap ER, oral soln, tab | None | None | None |
NSAID, Oral; Analgesic, Nonopioid | Mobic (Rx) | meloxicam (?) | OA, RA: daily
tab | Asthma, allergy-type rxn from ASA/NSAIDs, CABG surgery | None | **Serious CV thrombotic events* *Serious GI bleeding, ulcerations, & perforation** |
PPI, Substituted Benzimidazole | Nexium (Rx) | esomeprazole (?) | EE, GERD, H. pylori, Px NSAID-induced ulcer: daily, Px of ulcer bleeding: bolus & cont IV, Hypersecretory cond: BID
cap DR, packet, IV soln, tab DR | None | HA | None |
PPI, Substituted Benzimidazole | Prevacid (Rx [OTC]) | lansoprazole (?) | GERD, EE, NSAID-associated ulcer, Hypersecretory cond, PUD: daily-BID, H. pylori: BID-TID
cap DR, ODT | None | None | None |
PPI, Substituted Benzimidazole | Prilosec (Rx [OTC]) | omeprazole (?) | Ulcer, GERD, EE, H. pylori: daily-BID, Hypersecretory cond: daily-TID
cap DR, packet, tab DR | Rilpivirine | None | None |
PPI, Substituted Benzimidazole | Protonix (Rx) | pantoprazole (?) | EE: daily, Hypersecretory cond: BID
packet, IV soln, tab DR | None | HA | None |
PPI, Substituted Benzimidazole | Aciphex (Rx) | rabeprazole (?) | Ulcer, GERD, H. pylori, Hypersecretory cond: daily-BID
cap sprinkle, tab DR | Rilpivirine | None | None |
SGA; Antimanic Agent | Zyprexa (Rx) | olanzapine (?) | Schizophrenia, Bipolar & associated Depression: QPM, Agitation: once, may repeat in 2hr, then 4hr
IM soln, ODT, tab | None | Orthostatic hypotension
EPS
Weight gain
Dyspepsia
Weakness
Accidental injury | **Increased mortality in elderly pts w/dementia-related psychosis** |
Thyroid Product | Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid [DSC], Unithroid, Tirosint (Rx) | levothyroxine (?) | Hypothyroidism, TSH suppression, Myxedema: daily
cap, IV soln, tab | Acute MI, Thyrotoxicosis, Adrenal insufficiency, inability to swallow caps | None | **Weight reduction** |
Thyroid Product | Armour Thyroid (Rx) | levothyroxine/liothyronine (Y) | Hypothyroidism: daily
tab | Beef/Pork allergy, Thyrotoxicosis, Adrenal insufficiency | None | **Weight reduction** |
Thyroid Product | Cytomel (Rx) | liothyronine (Y) | Hypothyroidism, Suppression test, Myxedema, Goiter: daily
tab | Adrenal insufficiency, MI or thyrotoxicosis | None | **Weight reduction** |
Vaccine, Inactivated | Prevnar 13 (Rx) | pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (N) | Pneumonia Px: once
IM susp | Diphtheria toxoid allergy | Chills
Skin rash
Pain/red/swelling/tenderness at inj site
Arthralgia
Fever | None |
Vaccine, Inactivated | Pneumovax 23 (Rx) | pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (N) | Pneumonia Px: once
IM/SQ susp | None | None | None |
Vaccine, Live | Varivax (Rx) | varicella vaccine (N) | Varicella Px: 2 doses separated by at least 4 weeks
SQ inj | Neomycin or gelatin allergy, Immunosuppressed, Active TB, Febrile, Pregnancy | Inj site rxn
Fever | None |
Vaccine, Live | Zostavax (Rx) | zoster vaccine (N) | HVZ (shingles) PX: once
SQ soln | Neomycin or gelatin allergy, Immunosuppressed, Pregnancy | Pain/red/swelling/itching at inj site | None |