Question | Answer |
What are the four metabolic wastes? | Water, carbon dioxide, urea, and salt. |
Liver. | Produces urea, excretes and produces bile, detoxification, deanimation, removes worn out red blood cells, removes excess amino acids, storage of glycogen (animal starch). |
Removal of harmful toxins. | Detoxification. |
Removal of the amino group (NH2) from amino acids which gets converted into urea. | Deanimation. |
Function of the lungs. | Excrete carbon dioxide and water vapor. |
What process involves having carbon dioxide and water vapor as waste products? | Cellular respiration. |
Excretes wastes through the pores. | Sweat glands. |
What is sweat made of? | Water, mineral salts, and urea. |
Why is the skin's function of excretion important? | It helps regulate body temperature and maintain homeostasis. |
Excretion. | Removal of metabolic wastes. |
True or False: The removal of feces in the anus is a part of excretion. | False, egestion. |
Kidneys. | Removes waste products, such as urea, from the blood and filters it, helps maintain blood pH, homeostasis, and regulates the water content of blood. |
Structural units of the kidney. | Nephrons. |
Cluster of capillaries encased in the upper end of the nephron. | Glomerules. |
Permeable cup shaped structure that surrounds the glomerules. | Bowman's capsule. |
Filtration. | Passing a liquid or gas through a filter to remove wastes. |
Filtrate. | Materials that are filtered from the blood. (Ex: water, urea, glucose, salts, amino acids, vitamins) |
Why aren't plasma proteins, cells, and platelets removed from the bloodstream? | They are too large to pass through the capillary walls, so they remain in the blood. |
Reabsorption. | The process by which a liquid is taken back into a vessel. |
How are amino acids, fats, and glucose removed from the filtrate and reabsorbed by the capillaries? | Active transport. |
What three substances are removed from the filtrate and reabsorbed by the capillaries by active transport? | Amino acids, fats, and glucose. |
What is urine composed of? | Urea, salts, and water. |
Where is urine concentrated in the kidney? | The Loop of Henle. |
A section of the nephron tubule in which water is conserved and the volume of urine is minimized. | Loop of Henle. |
Carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. | Ureters. |
Muscular organ in which urine is stored temporarily. | Urinary bladder. |
Carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the bladder. | Urethra. |
Sequence of the urinary system. | Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra. |