Term | Definition |
Atom | Smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down |
Element | pure substance with only one kind of atom |
Compound | joined atoms that are two or more different substances |
Molecule | a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
Ion | an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons |
Cohesion | attraction between substances of the same kind |
Adhesion | attraction between different substances |
Solution | mixture with one or more substances evenly distributed in another substance |
Acids | compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water (have a pH from 0-7) |
Bases | compounds that reduce the concentration of the hydrogen ions (have a pH from 8-14) |
Carbohydrates | organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
Monosaccharides | single sugars |
Lipids | non-polar molecules that are not soluble |
Protein | large molecule formed by smaller molecules |
Amino Acids | building blocks of proteins |
Nucleic Acids | long chain of nucleotides |
Nucleotide | made of sugar a base and a phophate |
DNA | two strands of nucleotides that swirl together |
RNA | one strand of nucleotide |
ATP | single nucleotide |
Energy | the ability to move or change matter |
Activation Energy | the energy to start a chemical reaction |
Enzymes | increase the speed of chemical reactions |
Substrate | a substance where the enzyme acts during a chemical reaction |
Active Sites | a fold in enzymes |