Question | Answer |
What three macromolecules make up the cell membrane? | Phospholipids, protein channels and carbohydrate receptors |
What are the two parts of a phosopholipid and which one is hydrophyllic and which one is hydrophobic | The phosopholipid is made up of a head(hydrophyllic and a tail (hydrophobic) |
What is the main function of the cell membrane? | To provide support and protection for the cell. Also to allow materials to enter and leave the cell to maintain homeostasis. |
What does hydrophyllic mean? | water loving |
What does hydrophobic mean? | water fearing |
What is passive transport? | Moving materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without using energy. |
What does selectively permeable mean? | The cell membrane only allows some molecules to enter the cell. |
What are the three types of passive transport? | diffusion, facillitated diffusion, and osmosis |
What happens during diffusion? | random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached. (equal or evenly spaced) |
What happens during facillitated diffusion | Molecules are transported or moved through protein channels from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
What happens during osmosis? | Water only moves freely across the membrane from high to low concentration through proteins called aquaporins. |
What are the three types of concentration when comparing solutions? | isotonic,(even, same) hypertonic (high concentration or more solutes) hypotonic (low concentration or less solutes) |
What does dynamic equillibrium mean? | changing evenly, or moving equally |
What does water want to do? | water wants to DILUTE the SALUTE |
Define salute | the dissolved material, what is being dissolved in the solution. examples: sugar, salt |
define solvent | the liquid portion of the solution. example: water |
What is the result of a hypertonic solution to the cell? | When the cell is in a hypertonic state, water moves from inside the cell out into the solution causing the cell to shrink. |
What is the result of a hypotonic solution? | When a cell is in a hypotonic state, water moves from the solution into the cell. |
Define cytosis. | Cytosis is when a cell swells until it bursts open. |