Question | Answer |
Organization of SYtems | cell tissue organ organ system organism |
organism | anything that can live on its own |
cell | membrane covered structure that contains all the materials necessary for life |
tissue | group of cells that work together to perform a specific job |
organ | two or more tissues working together to perform a specific job |
organ system | group of organs working together ie) digestive,reparatory |
Robert hooke | saw first(dead) cells in cork |
anton van leewenhook | first observed living cells in pond water |
all organisms are composed of one of more | cells |
cell is the basic unit of life in all | living things |
all cells come from other | cells |
cells are small because the surface is not large enough to bring in enough______ or get rid of enough _________ to keep cell alive | nutrients,waste |
Inside grows ______ than the outside
inside is volume and outside is the surface area | faster |
Big or ________ organisms have the same size of cells | small |
no nucleus to contain DNA; it floats around i.e. bacteria | prokaryote |
eukaryote | have no nucleus which contains DNA i.e. animal cells |
organelles | little organs of function |
cytoplasm | jellylike material that surrounds organelles |
cell membrane | allows nutrients and waste to move into and out of the cell |
nucleus (2 answers) | -largest organelle
-stores DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid: contains all the information to tell the organisms to tell the cell what to do. |
nucleolus | in nucleus
stores material used to make ribosomes |
ribosomes | smallest and most abundant organelle
where amino acids hook together to make proteins |
endoplasmic reticulum | sacks and tunnels of membranes that carry substances to outside of cell |
types of endoplasmic reticulum | rough-covered with ribosomes; transport proteins
smooth- is not covered with ribosomes |
more info about endoplasmic recticulum ( I know its not a question) | -found a lot in cells that make proteins, lipids ,and enzymes
-break down chemicals that harm cells |
Golgi bodies | flattened stacked membranes
-changes lipids and proteins, pinches them off into sacks (vesicles) and ships them out of the cell. |
what's a vesicle | membrane bound structure that carries substances from Golgi bodies (sack) |
lysosomes | contain digestive enzymes
breakdown old cells and bacteria, "garbage trucks of the cell" |
more about lysosomes | white blood cells have a lot of lysosomes because they attack bacteria |
mitochondria( Ms.fabish's fav) | energy is released in this organelle from glucose being broken down
-active organs like muscles have more mitochondria |
Cristae | have inner folds that increase the surface area so more glucose can be broken down and more energy (ATP) released |
Plant cells | have some organelles that animal cells don't have |
cell wall | made of cellulose, tough and rigid |
chloroplasts | contain chlorophyll-green pigment
absorb sunlight where volume occurs and glucose (sugar) is made |
vacuoles | sack that contains water, waste material, food
makes up most of cells volume |
shape of animal and plant cells | animal cell: usually round
plant cell: square |
microscope | magnifies objects
-magnification: how much larger a specimen is when using a microscope |
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