Question | Answer |
what is diffusion? | molecules moving from a high concentration to a low concentration |
what is carbohydrates? | consist of carbons with water attached providing long term energy storage |
4 important reasons water specializes in supporting life? | remains liquid over a wide temp range
dissolves most substances
changes temp gradually when heated or cooled
one of the only pure substances that expands |
3 functions of protein | facilitate chemical reactions
transport substances
act as chemical messenger |
how many amino acids does a human need? | A human needs 20 amino acids
12 of the acids are from non-protein food sources the other 8 are present from your food |
homeostasis | availability of maintaining a constant environment |
cell membrane functions | transport raw materials
gets rid of wastes
acts as a barrier of unwanted stuff |
fluid mosaic model | describes that the membrane has a fluid like consistency |
cholesterol in the membrane | allows the cell membrane exist in a wide variety of temperatures such as cold keeping from freezing and warm keeping it from melting |
osmosis | the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane |
3 types of cellular tonicity | isotonic solution
hypotonic solution
hyperotonic solution |
isotonic solution | water concentrated outside the cell is equal to the inside of the cell |
hypotonic solution | water concentration outside the cell is less than the th solute inside the cell |
hyperotonic solution | water concentration outside the cell is less than the water concentrated inside the cell |
what is facilitated diffusion ? | the process which substances can not move through out the cell without assistance |
carrier protein | changes shape to move specific molecules in or out of the cell |
channel protein | provides a tunnel to allow ions to move in or out of the cell |
active transport | helps move materials up the concentration gradient |
where can you find active transport | intestinal cells pump nutrients from the gut |
endocytosis | bringing things into the cell, membrane folds in on itself trapping matter going from high to low or low to high |
exocytosis | getting rid of things from the cell, it opens up and lets out matter going only low to high |
bulk membrane | the method of getting the materials in and out of the cell |
what's a organic compound? | molecule that contains carbon and hydrogen |
cold temperatures | keeps the membrane fluidic and flexible preventing frozen membrane |
warmer temperatures | maintains ridged prevents from melting |