Term | Definition |
phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes |
chromosome | in a eukaryote cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryote, the main ring of DNA |
nuclear envelope | the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of an eukaryotic cell |
nucleolus | the part of an eukaryotic nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized |
ribosome | a cell organism composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis |
mitochondrion | in eukaryote cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and is the site of cellular respiration, which make ATP |
endoplasmic reticulum | a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm, and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids |
Golgi apparatus | cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell |
lysosome | a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes and that buds from the Golgi apparatus |
cytoskeleton | the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments and tubes that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division |
microtubule | one of the small, tubular fibers composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm, compose the cytoskeleton, and play a role in cell structure and movement |
microfilament | a fiber found inside eukaryotic cells that is composed mainly of the protein actin and has a role in cell structure and movement |
cilium | a hair like structure arranged in tightly packed rows that projects from the surface of some cells |
flagellum | a long hair like structure that grows out of a cell and enables a cell to move |
centriole | an organelle that is composed of two short microtubules at right angles to each other and that has an active roll in mitosis |