Term | Definition |
Polymer: nucleic acid
Monomer: | nucleotides |
Parts of a nucleotide | 5 Carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base |
2 types of nucleic acids | RNA, DNA |
Function of DNA | store/transmit hereditary info (proteins) |
Function of RNA | protein synthesis |
examples of lipids are | fats, oils, waxes |
Polymer: proteins
Monomer: | amino acids |
4 functions of proteins control rate/speed of chemical reaction | |
Form bones/muscles | |
Transport stuff in/out of cells | |
Help fight disease | |
protein precursor amino acids | |
Enzyme Liver Lab: Chemical Equation H¬¬¬¬2O2 + Catalase --> O2g + H20 + Catalase | |
Name of Sugar found in milk (disaccharide) Lactose | |
Milk Digestion Lab: Chemical Equation Lactose + Lactase --> glucose + galactose + Lactase | |
milk sugar enzyme name Lactase | |
the type of chemical reaction Hydrolysis | |
involved in splitting of lactose | |
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions? They act as a catalyst by speeding up the chemical reaction rate. | |
liver enzyme name catalase | |
Enzyme Lab - Name of substrate hydrogen peroxide | |
Catalase: optimum pH / optimum temperature pH = 7 temp = 25 - 30° | |
How many amino acids are there? 20 | |
peptide bond the bond between two amino acids | |
poly- many | |
polypeptide many peptide bonds~protein | |
catalyst proteins speed up chemical reaction rates | |
enzyme names end in… -ase | |
Enzymes are specific. Example: lactase only works with lactose | |
Are enzyme structures changed | |
during a chemical reaction? No | |
Can enzymes be reused? Yes; therefore, we only need them in small amounts | |
Substrate reactant of an enzyme catalyzed reaction | |
(what the enzyme works on) | |
active site the place on the enzyme where the substrate fits | |
lock and key model enzymes are specific; lactase only works with lactose | |
5 factors that affect enzyme function pH, temperature, ion concentration, coenzymes, | |
concentration (enzyme and substrate) | |
optimum ideal; the best | |
denature unravel | |
coenzyme some enzymes require coenzymes to function | |