Question | Answer |
a chemical substance that affects the processes of the mind or body, any chemical compound used in diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease | define drug |
repeats- a continuation of long-term medications
renewals- extension of prescriptions that have run out | differentiate between prescription repeats and prescription renewals |
cause a delay in the active absorption of the medication | sustained release |
function
effects
body system | what can drugs be classifed by |
Therapeutic- the purpose for giving the drug
Side-effects- every drug has potential side effects
Allergies- a serious reaction to a drug | name and describe the different effects of drugs |
Local- When the drug affects the site of application only
Systemic- circulate in the bloodstream
Cumulative- accumulates faster than it can be metabolized | name and describe the classifications of drugs by scope of action |
Therapeutic- taken to reliev symptions
Diagnostic- used to perform diagnostic tests ie. emema
Curative- given to overcome a disease, infection, or other conditions | Name and describe the classifications of drugs by use |
Replacement drugs- taken to "replace" a hormone
Prophylactic drugs- given to prevent a condition or decrease the severity of a condition | name and describe the classifications of drugs by use |
Chemical Generic Trade Botanical | what are the four names that can be given to a single drug |
Prescription, over the counter | what are the two methods of dispensing drugs |
allowe pills to bypass the stomach | what is enteric-coated |
expert in drug information, valued health care professional | what is a pharmacist |
the study and description of drugs, their composition, actions and effects chemicals have on living things | what is pharmacology |
a licensed business involved in dispensing drugs | what is a pharmacy |
when taken over the phone,
transcripton | when are drug errors more likely made |
a combination of two drugs that causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug given alone | synergism |
administration of drugs in gaseous or vapour form through the nose ormouth | inhalation |
agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug | antidote |
agent that excites and promotes activity | stimulatant |
agent that lowers blood pressure | antihypertensive |
agent that produces sleep | hypnotic |
an effect that is produced as an individual sensitivity to a drug | iatrogenic |
an effect that rountinely results from the use of a drug | side effect |
by injection or intravenous administration | parenteral |
chemical substance that inhibits or kills foreign organisms | anitbiotic |
circulating through the bloodstream to produce a general effect on the body | systemic |
commercial name for a drug;trade name | brand name |
drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve the desired effect | tolerance |
drug that blocks the action of natural histamines in the body and relieve allergy symptoms | antihistamines |
drug that is used to relieve symptoms of depression | antidepressant |
drug that prevents convulsions | anticonvulsant |
drug that promotes vomiting | emetic |
drug used to prevent diarrhea | antidiarrheal |
drug which helps restore heart rhythm to a regular cycle | antiarrhythmic |
drug which neutralizes acid in the stomach | antacid |
drug which reduces or eliminates sensation | anesthetic |
drug which relieves pain | analgesic |
drugs applied on the skin or mucous membranes | topical |
drugs defined by federal law to which special rules apply because they are liable to be abused | controlled drugs |
drugs given by mouth | oral |
drugs given under the tongue | sublingually |
drugs inserted via the anus into the rectum | rectal |
factors in a patient's condition that prevents the use of a drug treatment | contraindications |
habit-forming drug that relieves pain | narcotic |
harmful effects of a drug | toxicity |
hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism | anaphylaxis |
instrument for introducing fluids to or withdrawing fluids from the body | syringe |
mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes without necessarily producing sleep | sedative |
movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells | transport |
Oils, extracted primarily from plants, that do not evaporate | fixed oils |
oils, extracted primarily form plants that evaporate | volatile oils |
particles of medication suspended in air | aerosols |
relating to the eye | ophthalmic |
substances found in foods which are essential for life | vitamin |
target substance with which a drug interacts in the body | receptor |
the concentration of a drug may increase with each dose, due to the half-life of previous doses | cumulative action |
the process by which a medication is taken into the body, broken down, and transformed into a form that the body can use | absorpton |
the process by which metabolites are transported to various parts of the body | distribution |
the process of breaking down a drug or thier substance into metabolites used by the body | metabolism |
the time required by the body to metabolize half the amount of the drug ingested | half-life |
the total effect that two drugs have in combination is equal to the sum of the effects of each | additive action |
via the ear | otic |
furosemide 20mg i tab bid po | fruosemide twenty milligrams, take one tablet orally twice daily |
Isopto-tears 10ml i-ii gtts ou prn | Isopto-tears 10 mllilitres one to two drops in both eyes as required |
Propanolol 40 milligrams every day by mouth before breakfast | Propanolol 40mg qd, po, ac breakfast |
Ranitidine 150 millilitres three time daily before meals | Ranitidine 150 ml t.i.d. a.c. |
Amoxicillin 500mg i cap po qid pc | amoxicillin 500 milligrams take one capsule orally four times daily after meals |
Burrosol ii gtts ad qpm x 3d, i gtt qod | Burrosol two drops in the right ear every night for three days then one drop every other day |
1 month supply | 1/12 |
1 week supply | 1/52 |
before meals | ac, a.c. |
as soon as possible | ASAP |
twice daily | bid, b.i.d. |
capsule | cap |
Compendium Pharmaceuticals and Specialties | CPS |
over the counter | OTC |
drop(s) | gtt(s) |
i, ii | one, two,... |
milligrams | mg |
millilitres | ml |
nothing by mouth | npo, n.p.o |
Ontario Drug Benefits | ODB |
both eyes | ou |
after meals | pc, p.c. |
by mouth (orally) | p.o. |
as needed | prn |
every morning, before noon | q.a.m. |
every day | Q.D, q.d. |
every other day | q.o.d |
every evening | q.p.m. |
every # hours | q_h |
every hour | q.h. |
four times daily | qid, q.i.d. |
prescription | Rx |
subcutaneous | s.c, sc, S.C, subq, subc |
sublingual | sl, SL |
immediately | stat, STAT |
one half | ss |
three times daily | t.i.d, tid |
tablet | tab |
treatment | Tx |
ointment | ung |
times 3 days | x 3 days |