Term | Definition |
Bone | A matrix of non-living extracellular crystals of calcium and living osteocytes. |
Osteon | Rings of osteocytes arranged in a cylinder. |
Osteocyte | An embedded osteoblast within the matrix it has secreted. |
Central Canal | Pathway for blood vessels to pass into bone, delivering nutrients to osteocytes. |
Ligament | Connective tissue, dense and fibrous. Connects bone to bone. |
Cartilage | Elastic substance that contains fibers of collagen and water. Smooth and flexible, it absorbs pressure at joints and allows for smooth movement. |
Osteoblast | Cell that builds bone material. |
Osteoclast | Cell that remodels and repairs bone cells. |
Osteoporosis | Complication where bone loses a great deal of mass leaving it 'pourous' and weakened. |
Axial Skeleton | Skull, sternum, ribs and vertebral column. |
Appendicular Skeleton | Bones of arms, legs and their attachments to the trunk. |
Synovial Joint | Free movable joint separated by a thin fluid-filled space. |
Tendons | Connective tissue that joins muscle to bone. |
Abduction | Movement of a limb away from the body midline. |
Adduction | Moment of a limb toward the body midline. |
Circumduction | Movement of a limb in a cone shape rotation. |
Rotation | Movement of a limb around its own axis. |
Flexation | Movement that deceases the angle of the joint. |
Extension | Movement that increases the angle of the joint. |
Supination | Rotation of the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly. |
Pronation | Rotation of the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly. |