Term | Definition |
MITOSIS | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
CYTOKINESIS | the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells. |
REPLICATION | the action of copying or reproducing something. |
CELL CYCLO | the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) to produce two daughter cells. |
CHROMOSOMES | a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
CHROMATID | each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA. |
CENTROMERE | the point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division. |
CHROMATID | each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA. |
DIPLOID | of a cell or nucleus) containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. |
INTERPHASE | the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis. |
CROSSING OVER | the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring. |
TETRAD | a group or set of four. |
SYNAPSIS | a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter. |
POLAR BODIES | each of the small cells that bud off from an oocyte at the two meiotic divisions and do not develop into ova. |
GAMETOGENESIS | the process in which cells undergo meiosis to form gametes. |
GONAD | an organ that produces gametes; a testis or ovary. |
GAMETE | a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. |
OVUM/OVA | a mature female reproductive cell, especially of a human or other animal, that can divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell. |
SPERM | a male reproductive cell; spermatozoon. |
HAPLOID | (of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes |