Question | Answer |
A human cell contains __ pairs of sex chromosomes | One |
The attachment of chromosomes to the spindle apparatus during meiosis I | Has homologous pairs lined up together, with homologues facing opposite spindle poles |
An individual with a sex chromosome abnormality is concieved when a normal gamete unites with | An egg or sperm produced by nondisjunction |
An individual with triple X karyotype (47, XXX) has how many barr bodies? | 2 |
The seperation of sister chromatids of a dyad in anaphase II results in | Daughter chromosomes |
Meiosis serves what two major functions? | Reducing chromosome number and creating genetic diversity |
______ is a type of nuclear division that is important in sexual reproduction | Meiosis |
A _______ allows us to visualize all of a person's chromosomes | karyotype |
During _____, the gap between the first and second meitotic divisions, no DNA replication occurs | interkinesis |
Humans have ___ pairs of autosomes | 22 |
In males, the process known as ______, produces sperm, and ________ produces eggs | Spermatogenesis, oogenesis |
The likelihood of nondisjunction occurring increases with a mother's ___ | age |
The Y chromosome carries a region known as the _, which codes for most of the "male" characteristics | SRY region |
A protein complex called the __ holds the sister chomatids together to form a chromosome dyad | centrosome |
After egg and sperm joins, in a process called ______, the resulting cell is called a(n) _____ | fertilization, zygote |
During development and after birth, ________ is involved in the continued growth of a child and the repair of tissues at any time. | Mitosis |
In the body cells, the chromosomes occur in pairs called _________, which carry the same genes in the same locations. | homologues |
The homologous chromosomes of each pair come together and line up side by side, during meiosis I, in an event called ____ | synapsis |
The term _______ _____ in sexually reproducing organisms refers to all the reproductive events that occur from one generation to the next | life cycle |
Mitosis _______ chromosome number | maintains |
Meiosis _______ the chromosome number of the daughter cells | decreases |
Monosomy and trisomy result from _____ | nondisjunction |
Occur in testes and produces sperm | spermatogenesis |
Occurs only between members of a tetrad, during prophase I | Crossing over |
A cell with a diploid number of 12 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. What will be the product at the end of meiosis II? | 4 cells, each with 6 chromosomes |
True or False: Meiosis occurs only at certain times in the life cycle of sexually reproducing organisms, and only in specialized tissues | True |
Before cell division (of any kind), the _ must first condense into chromosomes | chromatin |
Different versions of a gene | allele |
_____ have the same shape, carry the same genes in the same locations | Homologous chromosomes |
Homologues of each tetrad seperate, and dyads move to the poles during _______ | Anaphase I |
An inactive X chromosome is called a ______ | barr body |
Includes only one division and replication of DNA at the end of each cycle | mitosis |
Includes two divisions and replication of DNA at only the beginning of the cycle, not in between | meiosis |
____ introduces great genetic diversity into the offspring | fertilization |
The period in between the first and second meiotic division is called ____ | interkinesis |
Result of meiosis I | 2 haploid cells |
Result of meiosis II | 4 haploid cells |
Sister chromatids separate and become daughter chromosomes that move to the poles during ______ | anaphase II |
Trisomy 21 is known as ____ | Down Syndrome |
A XO female has __ | Turner syndrome |
A XYY male has ___ | Klinefelter syndrome |
The main purpose of meiosis is ____ | reproduction |
The main purpose of mitosis is _____ | growth, development, and repair |
True or False: The parent cells for mitosis and meiosis are diploid. | True |
Following mitosis, daughter cells are ____ | diploid |
Following meiosis, daughter cells are _____ | haploid |
Following mitosis, the daughter cells are ___ to the parent cells | identical |
Following meiosis, the daughter cells are ____ to the parent cells | different |