Question | Answer |
What is the atomic number of an element? | Subscription the periodic table: # of protons only in that element |
List four details about Carbon that make it such an important element. | it can make single, double, or triple bonds
helps make organic molecules
associated w/all living organisms
allows cells to build on infinite # of different molecules |
Explain the different types of chemical bonds and give an example of each. | covalent, 2 hydrogens
ionic, NaCl,
hydrogen, NH3 |
What is dehydration synthesis? | the removal of water |
What is hydrolysis? | when macro-molecules are broken apart into individual monomers |
Explain how energy is released from ATP molecules. | ATP converting to ADP gives off energy |
What is an enzyme? | a biological catalyst |
What types of things affect enzyme reactions? And how? | temp, ph, salt in extreme environments enzymes denature |
How does increasing the concentration of an enzyme affect reactions? and How? | move enzymes faster it goes the lower the slower
goes up for a little while then evens out |
How does increasing the concentration of a substrate affect a reaction? | the reaction rate speeds up |
Explain the properties of water and the importance of these in living things? | polar, hydrophilic,one oxygen 2 hydrogen; hydrogen is slightly positive and oxygen is slightly negative |
Explain the difference between hypotonic solutions, hypertonic solutions and isotonic solutions. | hypo- almost none
hyper-too much
isotonic- even |
Describe the four macromolecules and their functions. | carbs-energy
lipids-store energy
protein- workhorse of the cell
nucleic acid-source of genetic info |