Term | Definition |
Acid | Any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with bases and some metals to form salts |
Adhesion | The attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other |
Aqueous Solution | A solution in which water is the solvent |
Base | Any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water; bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts |
Buffer | A solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to it |
Capillarity | The attraction between molecules that results in the rise of liquid in small tubes |
Cohesion | The force that holds molecules of a single material together |
Concentration | The amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of a mixture, solution, or ore |
Hydrogen Bond | The intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule |
Hydronium Ion | An ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water; H2O |
Hydroxide Ion | The OH- ion |
pH Scale | A range of values that are used to express the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a system; each whole number on the scale indicates a tenfold change in acidity; a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH of less than 7 is acidic, and a pH of greater than 7 is basic |
Polar | Describes a molecule with opposite charges on opposite ends |
Saturated Solution | A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute under the given conditions |
Solute | In a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent |
Solution | A homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed |
Solvent | In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves |