Question | Answer |
definition of antibiotics | drugs used to treat bacterial infections |
definition of antivirals | medications used to treat viruses |
antimicrobial definition | tending to destroy microbes, to prevent their multiplication or growth, or to prevent their pathogenic action |
definition of superinfection | a new infection with different resistant bacteria or fungi. Usually associated with certain types of antibiotic therapy. |
What are two main antibiotics used to treat UTIs? | Cipero, Macrobid |
What are some medications used to treat herpes? | zovirax, fomvir, valtrex |
What does VRE stand for? | vancomycin-resistant enterococci |
What antibiotic is usually prescribed to treat VRE? | daptomycin |
What agent is usually prescribed to treat VRE? | linezolid |
What does MRSA stand for? | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus |
What antibiotic is usually prescribed to treat MRSA? | vancomycin |
What medication is used for dental prophylaxis during dental procedures? | Amoxicillin |
What antibiotics are prescribed for severe cases of acne? | tetracycline, doxycycline |
What is the suffix of most drugs for fungal infections? | -zole |
What medications are usually used to treat TB? | isoniazid, rifampin |
What infections does clindamycin most effectively treat? | serious respiratory tract infections, septicemia, osteomyelitis, serious infections of the female pelvis, and pneumonia associated with AIDS |
What drug is used to treat trichomonas vaginalis? | Metronidazole (Flagyl) |
What is the purpose of combination antibiotics? | prevention of antibiotic resistance |
What food interaction is associated with Tetracycline? | dairy products |
medication used for skin cancer? | fluorouracil |
medication used for lung cancer in older adults? | vinorelbine |
medication used for breast cancer? | tamoxifen |
medication used for prostate cancer? | Lupron, Casodex |
What vaccine is given to prevent cervical cancer? | Gardasil |
How do you determine what class a medication falls in for LP4? | determine the type of microorganism involved |
Name the four main classes of anti-infectives? | antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotazole |
Name an antiprotazole medication | Flagyl |
What three types of substances are used to prevent and reduce germ growth? | Antimicrobial, antiseptics, disinfectants |
How are antibiotics selected? | culture and sensitivity, site of infection, kidney and liver status, age, pregnancy, resistance likelihood, allergies (PCN, Sulfa) |
Trade name for cephalexin?? | Keflex |
medication used to treat herpes? | acyclovir, vaclyclovir |
micoorganism that causes disease? | pathogenic |
antibiotics treat what kind of microorganism? | bacteria |
what should patients on both an antibiotic and contraceptive be instructed to do? | use a backup method |
trade name of amoxycillin? | Augmentin |
Tamiflu should be given in ___ to ___ hours to be effective? | 24-48 |
isonazid and rifampin are prescribed together to treat? | TB |
trade name for nitrofurantoin? | Macrobid |
medication used to treat septicemia, pelvic infection, bone infection? | clindamycin |
What is a harmless side effect for Macrobid? | dark yellow or brown urine |
List the six kinds of microorganisms | bacteria, virus, protozoa, fungus, rickettsiae, helmiths |
what are some examples of superinfections? | c-diff and yeast infections |
antigens are foreign ____? | invaders |
bacteria are categorized by their _____? | shape |
what do antiseptics do? | prevent and inhibit microbes |
what do bactericidal substances do? | kill and destroy bacteria |
one of the world's most significant health problems are ______ ________ | antibiotic resistance |
T or F: resistance occurs when an antibiotic is used inappropriately to treat an infection | True |
How many classifications are there of antibiotics? | three- broad, narrow and extended |
aminoglycosides are an _____ | antibiotic (strong) |
T or F: cephalosporins are not related to the penicillin family | False |
Macrolides are prescribed when patients are allergic to the _____ family | penicillin |
most common combination drug is | amoxicillin-clavulanate |
You must avoid alcohol with these types of antibiotics | cephalosporins |
You must ____ lots of fluids with quinolones | drink |
This antibiotic causes teeth staining and should be given on an empty stomach | Tetracycline |
This antibiotic specifically targets E.coli and is used to treat UTIs | Nitrofurantoin |
TB is treated with a mix of __ to __ daily drugs | 2 - 4 |
T or F: rifampin turns secretions red/orange and birth control is ineffective | True |
What two organisms are included in the fungus category? | mold and yeast |
fluconazole (Diflucan) is used to treat? | vaginal yeast infections |
Nystatin is used to treat? | thrush |
T or F: Viruses don't need host cells to reproduce | False |
Cancer is caused by? | disorderly uncontrolled cell division |
what is proliferation? | the process of rapid production |
What medication may be needed to control nausea and vomiting in chemo patients? | Zofran |
Methotrexate treats? | resistant psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus |
C&S tests take ___ to ___ hours to become available. | 24-48 |
what does empiric mean? | it is a best guess for treatment based on history |
what does HAIs stand for, and what is another term associated with it? | hospital-aquired infections, nosocomial |