Term | Definition |
Eponyms | words formed from a person's name |
Prefix | word part found at the beginning |
Root | word part that gives the essential meaning |
Combining vowel | vowel, usually an O, that is added to the end of a root to make the word easier to pronounce |
Combining form | combination of the root and combining vowel |
Suffix | words part found at the end |
Pre- | means before |
Peri- | means around |
Preoperative | means before an operation |
Perioperative | means pertaining to the period around an operation, period before, during, and after |
Postoperative | means after an operation |
Arthroscope | is an instrument used to visually examine the joint |
Gastritis | is inflammation of the stomach |
Ab- | means away from |
Abduction | means to take away from the midline |
Emetic | pertaining to vomiting |
Dys- | difficult, painful, or bad |
Dysphagia | means difficulty eating or swallowing |
Endo- | means within or inside |
Endorcrine | means to secrete internally |
Endoparasite | is an organism that lives within the body of the host |
Hyper- | means elevated, higher, or more than normal |
Hyperglycemia | Means elevated amounts of blood glucose (blood sugar) |
Inter- | means between |
Intercostal | between the ribs |
Poly- | many |
Polyuria | excessive amount or frequency of urination |
Pre- | before |
Preanesthetic | pertaining to before anesthesia |
Sub- | below, under, or less |
sublingual | under the tongue |
A- or AN- | without or no |
Atraumatic | without injury |
Anuria | absence of urine |
Ad- | toward |
Adduction | move toward the midline |
Anti- | against |
Antiemetics | work against or prevent vomiting |
Eu- | good, easy, or normal |
Euthyroid | having a normally functioning thyroid gland |
Ex- Or Exo- | with out, out of, outside, or away from |
Exocrine | to secrete externally (Sweat) |
Ecto- | outside |
Ectoparasite | is an organism that live on the outer surface of the host |
Hypo- | depressed, lower, or less than normal |
Hypoglycemia | depressed amount of blood glucose (blood sugar) |
Intra- | within |
Intramuscular | within the muscle |
Oligo- | scant or little |
Oliguria | scant amount or frequency of urination |
Post- | after |
Postanesthetic | means pertaining to after anesthesia |
Super- OR Supra | above, beyond, or excessive |
Supernumerary | more than regular number |
Suprascapular | above the shoulder blade |
Pan- | all |
Leuk/o | white |
-penia | deficiency or reduction in number |
Panleukopenia | is a deficiency of all type of white blood cells |
-tomy | cut into or incision |
Gastrotomy | is incision into the stomach |
gastr/o | means stomach |
Epi- | upper |
Infra- | below or beneath |
Meta- | beyond |
Per- | throughout |
Trans- | across |
Ultra- | above, increased, or more than normal |
-stomy | a surgically created opening |
Gastrostomy | a surgically created opening between the stomach and the body surface |
-ectomy | surgical removal or excision |
Gastrectomy | is surgical removal of the stomach |
-ectomy | surgical removal |
Mastectomy | surgical removal of the breast or mammary glands |
-pexy | suture to stabilize |
Gastropexy | surgically stabilizing the stomach to the abdominal wall |
-plasty | surgical repair |
rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose (nose job) |
colostomy | a surgically created opening between the colon and body surface |
Laparotomy | an incision into the abdomen |
-centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas |
cystocentesis | surgical puncture of the urinary bladder with a needle to remove fluid (urine) |
-gram | record of |
diogram | electrocardiographic hard copy record |
-graph | instrument that records |
electrocardiograph | the machine that records the electrical activity of the heart |
-graphy | procedure that records |
electrocardiograph | the machine that records the electrical activity of the heart |
-lysis | separation or breakdown |
urinalysis | separation of the urine into its constituents |
-scope | instrument to visually examine |
endoscope | instrument used to visually examine inside the body |
-scopy | procedure to visually examine |
endoscopy | the procedure of visually examining inside the body |
-therapy | treatment |
chemotherapy | treatment with chemical substance or drugs |
-rrhagia OR -rrhage | bursting forth |
hemorrhage | bursting forth of blood from the vessels (bruises) |
-rrhaphy | to suture |
enterorrhaphy | suturing of the small intestine |
-rrhea | flow, discharge |
diarrhea | complete discharge of the bowels |
-rrhexis | rupture |
myorrhexis | rupture of the muscle |
-algia OR -dynia | pain |
arthralgia OR arthrodynia | joint pain |
-ia | state of condition |
hyperglycemia | condition of elevated amount of blood glucose |
-ion | action, process, state, or condition |
infarction | condition of blood flow obstruction (stoping blood flow) |
-itis | inflammation |
hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
-ive | performs or tends toward |
congestive | tends towards accumulation of fluid |
malacia | abnormal softening |
osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bone |
-megaly | enlargement |
cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
-osis | abnormal condition |
cardiosis | abnormal condition of the heart |
-pathy | disease |
enteropathy | disease of the small intestine |
-sclerosis | abnormal hardening |
arteriosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the arteries |
-um | structure |
persicardium | structure around the heart |
-us | thing |
tarsus | the joint "thing" between the tibia and fibula and metatarsal |
cardiac | heart |
renal | kidney |
ovarian | ovary |
lumber | lower back |
laryngeal | larynx |
enteric | intestine |
uterine | uterus |
cutaneous | skin |
gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine |
hysteri/o | uterus |
ovariohysterectomy | surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus |
hepatoma | liver mass |
hematoma | mass or collection of blood |
-oma | mass |
urethra | takes urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
ureters | collect urine from the kidney and transport it to the urinary bladder |
ileum | is the distal part of the small intestine |
ilium | is part of the pelvic bone |
myel/o | represents the spinal cord and bone marrow |