Question | Answer |
Adrenal Gland | Produces ADRENALINE in response to physical or emotional stress (fight or flight) |
Heart | Major organ of cardiovascular system
-cardiac muscle allows it to pump
-cardiac muscle is skeletal and doesn't tire easily
-four sections: Right and left atrium, and right and left ventricle |
Stomach | Food undergoes mechanical digestion when stomach muscles churn the food
-chemical digestion occurs when HCI and pepin break down proteins |
Kidneys | Filter blood that has collected wastes from cells
-Nephrons: filters in the kidneys |
Urinary Bladder | Muscular organ that holds urine |
Ureters | tubes that lead from each kidney to the bladder |
Esophagus | Smooth muscles force food into the mucus-lined esophagus
-peristalsis moves food downward |
Small intestine | Most digestion occurs here because the small intestine is six meters long
Intestinal juices break down food |
Large intestine | undigested food spends about 18 to 24 hours here, and most of the water is absorbed
Materials that are not absorbed then become solid waste
1.5 meters long |
Urethra | Tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body |
Brain | the central organ of the nervous system which is protected by the skull. Coordinates actions |
Joint | Any place where two or more bones meet |
Ligament | Tough bans of tissue that hold bones together at the joint |
Diaphragm | a muscular area that helps the lungs expand and contract |
Voluntary Muscle | Can be controlled
All striated muscles except cardiac muscles are voluntary
Skeletal Muscle |
Sensory neuron | Picks up a stimulus and turns it into a nerve impulse |
Recessive trait | A trait that can be carried in a person's genes without appearing in that person |
Phenotype | A trait's observable characteristics |
heredity | The passing of characteristics from parents to children |
Involuntary Muscle | Unable to control these
cardiac and smooth |
genotype | the way a trait is expressed in letters |
dominant trait | an observable trait |
Pancreas | produces pancreatic juices that are released into the small intestine to break down proteins, starches, and fats
Produces insulin which controls sugar levels in the blood |
Parathyroid | produces parathormone which controls calcium levels |
Pituitary gland | "Boss Gland"
Produces a growth hormone which controls growth and homeostasis |
Thyroid | Produces thyroxin to regulate metabolism |
Testes | Produces testosterone used in sperm production and the development of male traits |
Ovaries | produce estrogen used in egg production and the development of female traits |