Term | Definition |
infected | To affect or contaminate (a person, organ, wound, etc.) with disease-producing germs. |
germs | Tiny organisms that can cause diseases. |
communicable disease | A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another. |
bacteria | A single-celled organism with no nucleus. |
virus | A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell. |
simulation | A model of a real system or phenomenon. |
model | A representation of an object or event. |
noncommunicable | A disease that is not transmitted from one host to another. |
vaccine | Made from a weakened or altered virus to elicit an immune response. Substance that protects a person from a disease. |
homeostasis | The maintenance of an constant internal balance in an organism's body. |
metabolism | The combination of all the chemical reactions that occur inside an organism. |
enzyme | A substance that causes a chemical change in another substance. |
fungi | Eukaryotes that have cell walls, reproduce by spores and get food by absorbing it from their surroundings. |
spore | In bacteria, a dormant structure that allows the bacterial cell to survive unfavorable conditions. In fungi, it is a cell that develops into a new organism. |
disinfectant | A substance that can kill microorganisms. |
dormant | An inactive living thing that will become active when conditions are favorable. |
infection | The growth of germs in your body. |
parasites | Organisms that live and feed either inside of or attached to another organism and does harm to that organism. |
sanitation | The disposal of sewage and waste. |
hygiene | Things people do to stay healthy. |
dehydration | (medical) A condition in which the body does not have enough fluid to function. |
stool | The solid waste that is produced by the body during egestion. |
antibiotics | A type of medicine that kills bacterial infections and prevents them from growing. |
eradicated | erased; destroyed |
vaccination | The process by which a substance that protects a person from a disease is given. |
immunization | a medical treatment that helps protect you from disease. |
case study | An observation of a person or group to use as a model. |
pasteurized | To heat food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria. |
sputum | Matter that is coughed up and mixed with saliva. |
Lyme Disease | A disease caused by a bacteria carried by ticks. |
Escherichia coli | A bacteria that is the common cause of foodborne illness. |
Mononucleosis | The "kissing disease" caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. |
smallpox | Serious, contagious, an often fatal infectious disease caused by the variola virus. |
mucus | Sticky, wet material in your nose and other organs. |
Respiratory system | Body system consisting of the lungs and air passages; enables breathing, supplying the body with oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide wastes. |
black lung disease | Lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust common among miners. |
lung cancer | Cells within our lungs divide uncontrollably and form a tumor. |
lungs | Pair of spongy organs of respiration in which blood is aerated. |
diaphragm | Muscle underneath the lungs that controls the movement and air entering and exiting the lungs. |
oxygen | A gas that is brought into the body by the respiratory system. |
blood | Composed of cells (red and white) suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma. |
carbon dioxide | A gas that is expelled from the body by the respiratory system. |
heart | A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. |
blood vessels | Tube like structures that carry blood throughout the body. |
diffusion | Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and red blood cells. (movement of particles) |
passive transport | Same as diffusion...movement of particles WITHOUT ENERGY. |
hemoglobin | A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. |
bloodstream | The blood flowing through the circulatory system. |
fatigue | Extreme tiredness, exhaustion. |
nausea | A feeling of discomfort that sometimes precedes vomiting. |
acidic | A solution whose pH is less than 7. |
proteins | Molecules composed of amino acids. |
homeo- | Prefix meaning "similar." |
-stasis | "to stand or to stay" |
blood pressure | Force exerted by blood in the arteries. |
artery | A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. |
stethoscope | A medical instrument for listening to the sounds generated inside the body. |
systolic pressure | The pressure at which the blood starts to move through the artery (tapping) again when air is released from the pressure cuff. |
diastolic pressure | The pressure at which the tapping has stopped when all the air has been released out of the pressure cuff. |
hypertension | Abnormally high blood pressure. |
LDL cholesterol | Low density lipoprotein or "bad cholesterol." |
cholesterol | Soft, waxy material that is found in all the cells or your body. |
lipoprotein | Molecules on which cholesterol is carried. |
vein | A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart. |