Question | Answer |
describe skeletal muscle | striated voluntary, multinucleated, non-branching |
describe smooth muscle | non-striated, involuntary |
describe cardiac muscle | striated, involuntary, interconnecting fibers |
functional unit of contraction, from Z line to Z line | sarcomere |
if a muscle is out of oxygen, thus ATP, what develops? | cramps |
type of muscle in blood vessel walls, stomach wall | smooth |
type of muscle in heart | cardiac |
type of muscle in arms and legs | skeletal |
reserve source of energy for prolonged contraction | creatine phosphate |
4 functions of muscles | maintain body temp, move fluids through body systems, guard exit of some organs, move body |
bulge of the calf is due to what muscle? | gastrocnemius |
a muscle that remains in a contracted state | tetanus |
the thick filament | myosin |
has a high affinity for calcium ions | troponin |
what muscle do you use when shaking your head no? | sternocleidomastoid |
obeys the all-or-none law | muscle fiber only |
type of contraction where shortening of a muscle causes movement | isotonic |
function of the masseter muscle | chewing |
this muscle extends the forearm | triceps brachii |
what causes acetylcholine to be released from the axon? | a nerve impulse |
stores calcium ions | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
when contracting, cross-bridges pull the actin... | toward the center of the sarcomere |
contain acetylcholine | synaptic vesicles |
calcium ions interact with... | troponin-tropomyosin complex |
smaller muscle on one side due to cast | disuse atrophy |
methods used to name muscles | direction of fibers, location, shape |
responsible for muscle relaxation | calcium is pumped back into SR, using ATP |
extension of sarcolemma which carries action potential deep into muscle fiber | T tubule |
what does myosin do during relaxation | cross-bridges break, disengaging the actin, which slides back |
ability to lift 100 lbs would be increased by what type of exercise | resistance |
cramps due to lack of oxygen after strenuous activity are caused by... | build-up of lactic acid |
if acetylcholine receptors on the motor end plate are blocked, what happens? | muscle cannot respond to stimuli from the nerve |
series of biophysical events that result in shortening of sarcomere | sliding filament theory |
know the correct order of biochemical events that occur during muscle contraction | |
be able to label the following on diagrams: cardiac, smooth, skeletal muscle, sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, nucleus, striations | |
know anterior and posterior muscle diagrams | |