Term | Definition |
Cell | Basic unit of structure and function in living things. |
Microscope | An instrument that makes small objects larger |
Cell Theory | A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things. |
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek | Made the first simple microscope. |
Robert Hooke | Made first compound microscope. |
Matthias Schleiden | Concluded that all plants are made of cells. |
Theodor Schwann | Concluded that all animals are made of cells; all living things are made of cells. |
Rudolph Virchow | Proposed that new cells are formed only from cells that already exist. |
Organelle | A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. |
Cell wall | A rigid layer of nonliving material the surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms; permeable membrane. |
Cell membrane | The outside cell boundary that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell; semipermeable membrane |
Cytoplasm | The material within a cell apart from the nucleus. |
Mitochondria | Rod-shaped cell structures that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | Carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another. |
Ribosome | A small grain like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made. |
Golgi body | A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributed them to other parts of the cell. |
Chloroplast | A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisma that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food. |
Vacuole | A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area. |
Lysosome | A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones. |
Nucleus | The control center of a eukaryotic cell that directs the cell's activities and contains the information that determines the cell's form and function. |
Nucleolus | Makes ribosomes |
Nuclear Membrane | A selectively permeable membrane that allows specific materials to enter and leave the nucleus. |
Chromatin | Genetic material that contains the instructions for directing the cell's functions |
Chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria. |