Question | Answer |
Which of the following antibodies is not a monomer? | IgA |
Microbiota | May be an opportunistic pathogen |
Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT? | epidemic: a disease that is endemic across the world |
A nosocomial infection is | acquired during the course of hospitalization |
Which of the following recognizes antigens displayed on host cells with MHC II? | TH Cell |
The Koch's work is used to determined that | Microorganisms cause disease |
One effect of washing regularly with antibacterial agents is the removal of normal microbiota. This can result in | Increased susceptibility to desease |
Which of the following can contribute to postoperative infections? | -Normal microbiota on the operating room staff
-Errors in aseptic technique
-Using syringes more than once
-Abx resistance
(all of the above) |
Endotoxins are | Part of the gram-negative cell wall |
Cytopathic effects are changes in host cells due to | Viral infections |
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the virulence of a pathogen? | -Numbers of invading microorganisms
-Cell wall
-Toxins
-Enzymes
-(All of these contribute to virulence) |
Which of the following destroys virus-infected cells? | Tc |
Which organism most easily causes an infection? | Legionella pneumophila |
Activation of C5-C9 results in | Leakage of cell contents |
What type of immunity results from vaccination? | artificially acquired active immunity |
Which of the following is involved in resistance to parasitic helminths? | monocytes |
A patient shows the presence of antibodies against diphtheria toxin. Which of the following statements is false | The patient was near someone who had the disease. |
Live polio virus can be used in a(n) | Attenuated whole-agent vaccine |
Dead Bordetella pertussis can be used in a(n) | Inactivated whole-agent vaccine |
The ability of some microbes, such as Trypanosoma or Giradia to alter their surface molecules and evade destruction by the host's antibodies is called | antigenic variation |
Botulism is caused by ingestion of a proteinaceous exotoxin; therefore, it can easily be prevented by | boiling food prior to consumption |
Which of the following statements is NOT a possible outcome of antigen-antibody reaction? | clonal deletion |
Which of the following cells is NOT an APC? | Natural killer cells |
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of B cells? | They recognize antigens associated with MHC I. |
Activation of C5-C9 results in | Leakage of cell contents |
____ is involved in resistance to parasitic helminths. | Monocytes |
___ destroys virus-infected cells. | Tc |
Cytopathic effects are changes in host cells due to? | Viral infections |
__ Cells recognizes antigens displayed on host cells with MHC II. | B |
___ Cells is NOT an APC. | Natural Killer |
_____ is NOT a characteristic of B cells. | They recognize antigens associated with MHC I |
The ability of some microbes, such as Trypanosoma or Giardia to alter their surface molecules and evade destruction by the host's antibodies is called | antigenic variation |
All of these are Reservoirs of infection | A sick person
A hospital
Wild animals
Soil |
Which organism most easily causes an infection? | Legionella pneumophila |