Term | Definition |
trait | the different forms of charactoristics |
heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
genetics | of,related to or produced by genes |
Gregor Mendel | the scientist who discovered the principles of heredity in the monastery garden |
dominant trait | the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred |
recessive trait | a trait that appears in the second generation often disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred |
Genes | one set of instructions for an inherited trait |
alleles | one of the alternative form of a gene that governs a charactoristic |
phenotype | an organisms appearance or other detectable charactoristic |
genotype | the entire genetic makeup of a organism |
purebred | a plant with 2 domenint or 2 recessive alleles |
hybrid | a plant that has a genotype (PP) |
probability | the likelihood that a possible future will occur in any given instance of the event |
punnet square | a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
meiosis | a copying process that produces cells with half the usual # of chromosomes |
selective breeding | organism with desirable characteristics are mated |
inbeeding | the production of offspring from the mating of breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically |
hybridization | to breed or cause the production of a hybrid |
cloning | a cell, cell process, that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it were derived |
DNA | a nucleus acid that is the main constitute of the chromosomes of all organisms |
mutation | a sudden departure from the parent type in one or more heritable characteristics caused by a change in a gone or a chromosome |
genetic engineering | a technology in which the genomine of a living cell is modified for medical or industrial use |