Question | Answer |
What is matter? | objects that take up space and have mass |
What are the 3 properties of matter? | density, mass volume |
What is Mass? | a measure of the amount of matter in an object |
How do we measure mass? | we use a triple beam balance |
What is the unit of measurement of mass? | grams |
Define volume | the amount of space in an object |
How do you find the volume of a solid? | V= LxWxH ; measured in cm3 |
How do you find the volume of a liquid? | use a graduated cylinder; measured in mL |
How do you find the Volume of an Irregular Object? | V= Final Volume - Initial Volume |
Define Density | the amount of mass packed into a certain volume |
What is the formula for density? | D= M / V |
How can we tell if an object will sink or float? | float= density less than water ( less than 1.0)
sink= density more than water ( more than 1.0) |
What is the density of water? | 1.0 g/mL |
When an object is cut in half, what property does not change? Why? | Density does not change.
SInce there is less mass in a smaller amount of volume, you get the same amount for the density. |
Define Weight | the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object |
How do we measure weight? | on a scale |
What is difference between weight and mass? | -the mass of an object does not change when an object's location changes
- weight, on the other hand, does change with location |
What are the 3 states of matter? | solids, liquids, gas |
Characteristics of SOLID | atoms of a solid are packed closely together. They bond together and do not change shape. |
What is the shape of a solid? | definite shape |
What is the volume of a solid? | definite volume |
what are some examples of solids? | ice |
Characteristics of a LIQUID | teh atoms in a liquid are close together and slide around |
What is the shape of a liquid? | no definite shape; takes shape of container |
what is the volume of a liquid? | definite volume |
What are some examples of a liquid? | soda, river, water |
Characteristics of GAS | the atoms in a gas are spread out and move freely |
What is the shape of a gas? | no definite shape |
what is the volume of a gas? | no definite volume |
what are some examples of gases? | oxygen, helium, carbon dioxide |
Phase Change: Freezing | the substance changes from a liquid to a solid |
Phase Change: Melting | the substance changes back from the solid to the liquid |
Phase Change: Condensation | the substance changes from a gas to liquid |
Phase Change: Evaporization | the substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
How do substances change phases/states? | during a phase change, energy is either absorbed or released |
During what phase change is energy being increased? | Solid-->Liquid
Liquid-->Gas |
What is happening when energy is being increased? | particles are moving faster as energy is absorbed |
During what phase change is energy being decreased? | Gas-->Liquid
Liquid--> Solid |
WHen is energy being absorbed? | melting and evaporation
heat is gained |
what happens to the molecular movement when energy is absorbed and heat is gained? | during thesis phase changes, molecular movement increases |
What happens to the molecules when energy is absorbed and heat is gained? | molecules become less tightly bonded and there is a weaker attraction |
When is energy released? | during freezing and condensation
when energy is released, heat is lost |
what happens to the molecular movement when energy is released and heat is lost? | during these phases stages, molecular movement decreases |
what happens to the molecules when energy is released and heat is lost? | molecules become more tightly bonded and there is a strong attraction |
What is the relationship between temperature and energy? | Increase in temperature, Increase in energy ( movement of molecules) |
How does a solid change into a liquid? | melting |
How does a liquid change into a solid? | freezing |
How does a liquid change into a gas? | evaporation |
How does a gas change to a liquid? | condensation |
What is condensation? | you can see condensation; change of gas into liquid |
What are real life examples of condensation? | water droplets on a shower door after show, moisture on the outside of a cold gas or can |
What is evaporation? | process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas |
what are real life examples of evaporation? | water boild and turns into steam
floor drying after you mop it |
What is the boiling point of water? | 100 degrees Celcius
212 degrees Farenheit |
What is freezing point of water? | 0 degrees Celcius
32 degrees Farenheit |
WHat is the relationship between freezing and energy? | when a liquid is cooled, the average energy of the molecules decrease |
Melting Point, Boiling Point, Freezing POint | temperature at which soid changes into a liquid ( melting), liquid into a solid ( freezing), or liquid changes to a gas ( boiling) |
What is a physical change? | a change that alters the appearance of an object; no new substance is formed |
what is an example of a physical change? | bending, crushing, ripping, dissolving
S-->L-->G is an example. No new substance, just a change in their appearance |
What is a chemical change? | a change in matter that produces one or more new substances |
What is an example of a chemical change? | breaking down water into hydrogen
rusting of fence
coal bruning in a furnace |