Question | Answer |
Indications for US | Low Intensity/Pulsed:acute and subacute inflammation High Intensity/continuous: spasms,fibrosis, adhesions,unresolved hemotoma Soft tissue shortening neuroma warts Chronic Inflammation |
Precautions for US (7) | Burns-maintain consistant energy transferKeep transducer moving / Even Contact 2)Remove air bubbles 3)Keep off bony prominences 4)wounds 5)implants 6)avoid cracking crystal 7)Epiphyseal plates in children 8)Pain caused by US |
Contraindications for US (16) | Carotid Sinus Infection Testes/Ovaries Decreased Arterial Circulation Spine Thrombus Radiation Tx Site Acute Inflammation Pregnancy PacemakerEyes Decreased Sensation CA Active Bleeding TB |
What is US? | Sound waves with High frequency and low intensity which creates deep heat within the soft tissues (causes vibration of molecules) |
What is the US frequency when you get audible sound waves? | approximate frequency is 20-20,000 Hz- mega Hertz or million Hertz(cycles/sec) |
US Intensity | Stength of sound waves at a given location in the tissues being treated (w/cm2)Normal range = 0.5 - 2.0 w/cm2 |
Uses of US | 1) Diagnostic imaging = pregnancy 2) therapeutic tissue healing 3) tissue destruction (collagen cross links-contusion |
Above what intensity causes tissue death? | 2.0 w/cm2 |
Therapeutic ultrasound wave frequencies are in what range? | 1-3 MHz |
1 MHz are more effective in treating deep/superficial tissues | deep |
3 MHz are more effective in treating deep/superficial tissues | superficial |
Tissue penetration is best in what 2 things | 1)adipose 2)MM |
Tissue penetration is poor in what? | bones |
What is the normal range for intensity for US? | 0.5 - 2.0 w/cm2 |
What are the 2 indications for low intensity US? | 1)acute and subacute inflammation 2)speeds up healing process |
You should use pulsed/continuous for low intensity US. | pulsed |
What are the 5 indications for High Intensity US? | 1)spasms 2)fibrosis 3)adhesions 4)pain 5)unresolved hematoma |
Name the 5 physiological effects of US. | Thermal Heat continuous after 5 min Periosteal pain-deep burning/aching Decreased pain perception 4)Increases: Metabolic rate circulation Immune responseExtensi of soft tissue tissue repair macrophage act fibroblast cell growth |