Question | Answer |
allele | an alternative form of a gene |
autosome | A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining gender |
carrier | An individual who is heterozygous for a recessive gene that predisposes for a hereditary disease. |
codominant | phenotypic situation in which both alleles are expressed in the heterozygote. |
crossing over | The exchange of genetic material during prophase I. |
dominant | trait that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous. |
F1 generation | resulting immediately from a cross of the first set of parents |
F2 generation | the result of a cross between two F1 individuals |
gene | The genetic information in the chromosomes that determines a trait |
gene mutation | A changed gene. A trait that is not found in the parent. |
genetic variation | Characteristic of an organism that makes it different from the species. |
genetics | The study of the patterns of inheritance of specific traits. |
genotype | The combination of or genes that represent a particular trait. |
heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a specific trait. |
homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and the genes they carry. |
homozygous | Having two of the same alleles for a specific trait. |
incomplete dominance – | neither allele is dominant; a blending of the two create a new phenotype |
independent assortment | Mendel's second law, stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation |