Question | Answer |
bacteria
feces & urine of infected carrier
poultry/eggs/turtles/rodents
incubation: 6-48 hours. avg. 12-24 hours
abdominal pain
diarrhea
chills & fever
nausea & vomiting | Salmonellosis |
bacteria
feces & urine of infected carrier
water/flies/shellfish
Avg. incubation 14 days
infection fever & diarrhea
rose spots on trunk | Typhoid Fever |
bacteria - bacillary dysentery
feces & urine of infected carrier
water/ICE/flies/milk/person to person
incubation: 1-7 days. avg. 4 days
fever
cramps
diarrhea
blood/mucus stools | Shigellosis |
"cafeteria bacteria" c. welchii
Mexican style refried beans
"intoxication" (not infection)
incubation: 6-12 hours. avg. 8-12 hours
"24 hr bug"
abdominal pain & diarrhea
(NO vomiting & NO fever) | Clostridium perfringens |
bacteria - intoxication - extoxin
"picnic food poisoning"
oral/nasal/dermal areas of people
abrupt severe nausea/vomiting
abdominal cramps
diarrhea
(NO fever) | Staphylcoccus Aureus |
bacteria - Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome-HUS
cattle
incubation 12-60 hours. avg. 48 hours
fever
severe abdominal cramps
watery often bloody diarrhea
COOK MEATS 155 F 15 secconds | E. Coli 0157:H7 |
scarlet fever - airborne - sore throat
incubation: 1-3 days. | Streptococcus pyrogenes |
seafoods
incubation: 12-24 hours
watery diarrhea cramps
nausea & vomiting
fever & headaches | Vibrio parahemolyticus |
bacteria - most prevalent food infection
incubation: 12-24 hours.
watery bloody, sticky diarrhea
headaches/malaise
high fever | Camphylobacter jejuni |
bacteria - oysters - liver disease | Vibrio vulnificus |
naturally caused chemical food poisoning
red tide - demoic acid - dinoflagellate:
Gonyaulax cantenella - endotoxin
copper sulfate prevents algal blooms
muscle incoordination/ascending paralysis:
2-12 hours after consumption | PSP - Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning |
histamine-like chemical food poisoning
scrombroids (tuna, mahi mahi, dolfin fish, dorado, bonito, mackerel)
IQF: Individually Quick Frozen
incubation: immediate to 30 minutes
flushing of face & extremities, tingling headache diarrhea, metallic taste | Scrombroid food poisoning |
airborne bacilli
overcrowding
incubation: 4-6 weeks | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
spirochete
Borrelia recurrentis
louse-borne
incubation: 8 days | relapsing fever |
spirochete
moist air - air conditioning
(Milder & nonfatal=Pontiac Fever) | Legionellosis |
Weil's Disease - spirochete
infected rat urine
incubation: 4-19 days. avg. 10 days
headache, fever, chills, malaise
vomiting & muscular aches | Leptosporosis |
spirochetes
ubiquitous in water & mud
can grow in cold temps (as low as 37 F)
1980's Halisco Cheese incident
esp. dangerous for pregnant women
onset: several days to 3 weeks | Listeriosis |
pathogenic fungi - Gilcrest's Disease
Blastomyces dermatitidis
fever, cough, skin lesions | Blastomycosis |
pathogenic fungi - Thrush - Moniliasis
can effect skin, esophagus, GI, bladder
can become systemic | Candidiasis |
pathogenic fungi - Valley Fever
inhalation of spores in soil
mostly in males 15-25 yrs old
flu-like symptoms | Coccidiomycosis |
pathogenic fungi - Darling's Disease
inhalation of spores in moist soil
incubation: 5-18 days.
malaise weakness chest pains, coughing | Histoplasmosis |
Rickettsia
Coxiella burneti
"biological control" in pasturization
temperature durable organism | Q-Fever |
tick borne - Borrelian burgdoferi - spirochete
Ixodes ticks - bull's eye pattern
incubation: 3-32 days. | Lyme Disease |
Endemic Typhus - X.cheopis-oriental rat flea
Rickettsia prowazeki var. mooseri
rats | Murine Typhus |
Epidemic Typhus - Typhus Fever - louse borne
Rickettsia prowazeki var. prowazekii
incubation: 12 days.
killed many of Napolean's troops | Jail House Fever |
mite borne
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi | Scrub Typhus |
Rickettsia rickettsii - tick - dermacentor | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
Protozoan - Entameba histolytica - cyst | Amebic Dysentery |
cyst - viable for 6 months in soil
snails in fresh water - resistant to Cl
4-5 drops Cl per liter H2O or 0.5 ml iodine
let stand 20 minutes or longer if water is cold | Cryptosporidium |
cysts - Hiker's Disease
drinking contaminated water
4-5 drops Cl per liter H2O or 0.5 ml iodine
let stand 20 minutes or longer if water is cold | Giardia lamblia |
plasmodium falciparum
anophelian female mosquito - 45 degree angle
most dangerous disease in the world. | Malaria |
Tse-tse fly - Trypanosomiasis | African Sleeping Sickness |
cone nose beetle
kissing bug - bites on your mouth | American Trypanosomiasis |
trematode - swimmer's itch
fresh water snails - rice field workers
most common water borne disease | Schistosomiasis |
helminth - taeniasis - beef or pork tapeworms
T. saginata - beef
T. solium - pork | Cestodes |
hookworms - anclyostomiasis & necator
can survive waste water treatment
roundworms - askaris | Nematodes |
round worms
raw fish - cook 140 F for 10 minutes | Anisakiasis |
fecal-oral - soil - round worms | Askaris |
pinworms - schools and kids | Enterobiasis |
intestinal round worm
incubation: 10-14 days.
cook pork 137 F for 15 minutes | trichinosis |
hogs consume garbage
cook garbage 212 F for 30 minutes | Vesicular exanthema |
onchocera volvulus (nematode)
black flys - lay eggs in swift moving water | river blindness |
culex
wuchereria | elephantitis |
viral - Culiseta melanura mosquito
incubation: 5-15 days. | Eastern Equine Encephalitis |
viral - Culex tarsalis mosquito
incubation: 5-15 days. | St. Louis Encephalitis |
viral - Culex tarsalis or C. pipens mosquitoes
incubation: 5-15 days. | Western Equine Encephalitis |
viral - Culex tarsalis mosquito
incubation: 5-15 days. | West Nile Virus |
viral - Aedes egypti mosquito
incubation: 3-6 days. | Yellow Fever |
viral - Dermacentor andersoni
incubation: 4-5 days. | Colorado Tick Fever |
fecal-oral "infectious hepatitis"
enterovirus
incubation: 4-6 weeks. | Hepatitis A |
blood - IV needles
incubation: 4-12 weeks. | Hepatitis B |
blood - IV needles - transfusions
incubation: 4-12 weeks. | Hepatitis C |
bats
hydrophobia
negri bodies
incubation: 3-6 weeks. | Rabies |
deer mice droppings - dust
80-90% fatality | Hantavirus |
fecal-oral - rice water stools
profuse watery diarrhea, severe deydration, circulatory collapse | Vibrio cholerae |
Psittacosis chlyamydia
ornithosis
incubation: 4-15 days. | Parrot Fever |
bacillus anthracis - wool sorter's disease
10% formalin sol'n kept at 110 F 4 hours | Anthrax |
bubonic - X. cheopis oriental rat flea
pneumonic - very contagious | Plague |
deer flys - still water - Rabbit Fever | Tularemia |
Brucellosis - Bang's Disease in cattle
kennel cough - digs
blue ring milk test | Undulant Fever |
bacteria 2 enterotoxins - 24 hour bug
heat stable - vomiting - rice
heat labile - diarrhea - puddings | Bacillus Cereus |
floppy baby syndrome - honey
onset: 18 hours. neurotoxin - afebrile
exotoxin - 7 types
A & B - soil & vegetable origin
C - causes disease in turtles, birds...
D - cattle & sheep
E - processed seafood
G - no outbreaks, but sudden death
A - more le | Botulism |