Term | Definition |
socialisation | process by which people develop a sense of self and learn the ways of the society the live in |
internalisation | the process in which people take as their own and accept as binding the norms, values, beliefs and language that their socialisers are attempting to pass on |
nature | human genetic make up |
nurture | social environment or interaction experiences that make up every individual's life |
collective memory | the experiences shared and recalled by significant members of people. such memories are revived, preserved, shared, passed on, and recast in many forms like stories, rituals, holidays and monuments |
Role-taking | imagining ourselves in the role of others in order to determine the criteria others will use to judge our behaviour |
gesture | any action that requires people to interpret its meaning before responding |
mass media | formns of communication designed to reach large audiences without face to face contact |
resocialisation | the process of changing behaviours and ways of thinking thinking, and replacing them with new ones |
total institutions | institutions in which people surrender control of their lives (voluntarily or not) to an administrative staff and carry out daily activities with others required to do the same |
in-group | a group to which a person belongs,identifies, admires and feels loyalty |
out-group | a group to which a person does not belong |
agents of socialisation | significant others, primary groups, in-groups and out-groups and institutions that 1.shape our sense of self or social identity,2. teach us about groups to which we do and do not belong 3.help us realise our human capacities 4. and help us negotiate the s |
group | 2 or more people who share a distinct identity, feel a sense of belonging and interact directly or indirectly with one another |
primary group | a social group that has face-to-face contact and strong emotional ties among its members |
me | the social sel-the part of self that is the product of intereaction with others and has internalised the rules and expectatiopns of others |
i | the active and creative part of self that questions the expectations and rules of others |
looking glass-self | the process of learning to view ourselves as we think others view us |
significant symbol | gestures that contain the same meaning to the person transmiting them and recieving them |
games | structured, organised activities that usually involve more than one person and a numbet of constraints, |
generalised other | a system of expected behaviours, meanings and viewpoints that transcend those of the people participating |
play | a voluntary and ofen spontaneous activity with few or no formal rules that is no subject to constraints of time or place |
Significant other | people or characters who are important in an individual's life in that they greatly influence that person's self evaluation and motivate him or her to behave in a particular manner |