Question | Answer |
The Study of the natural world | Science |
The study of living organisms and life's process | Biology |
Regulating the internal environment despite changes in the external enviorment | Homeostasis |
The way scientific knowledge is acquired | Scientific Method |
Elements that combine to produce molecules of life | Proteins, Lipid, Nucleic Acid, and Carbohydrates |
Hierarchial system from largest to smallest | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genius, Species |
Three domains | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya |
Domain(s) that are/is single celled, no nucleus (prokaryotic) | Bacteria and Archaea |
Domain(s) that have/has nucleus | Eukarya |
Four kingdoms of Eukarya | Protista, Animalia, Fungi, and Planate |
Defining characteristics of humans | Bipedalism, Opposable thumbs, Large brains, and language |
Biological level of organization from smallest to largest | Molecules and Atoms, Cells, Tissues, Organ, Organ system, Organism, Population, community, Ecosystem, Biosphere |
What is the Scientific Method | 1.Observe, 2.Make a hypothesis, 3.Make a prediction, 4.Experiment, 5.Modify hypothesis if needed |
Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction | catalyst |
Electron sharing bonds between atoms | covalent bond |
oppositely charged regions of a polar molecule that contain covalently bonded hydrogen | hydrogen bond |
two oppositely charged ions come together | ionic bond |
ions that have the same atomic mass but different atomic weight | isotope |
stored energy that isn't preforming work | potential energy |
liquid in which another substance dissolves | solvent |
any dissolved substance | solute |
the number of protons in an atom equal... | atomic number |
the number of neutrons and protons equal... | atomic weight |
the capacity to do work | energy |
work in motion | kinetic energy |
elements that mainly make up the human body | calcium, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous |
hydrophillic molecules | molecules that love the water and are attracted to it |
hydrophobic molecules | molecules that fear the water and are repelled by it |
__________ donate hydrogen ions | acids |
__________ accept hydrogen ions | bases |
expresses the hydrogen-ion concentration | PH scale |
__________ minimize the change in PH when either an acid or base is added | buffers |
smaller molecules are joined by covalent bonds | dehydration synthesis |
"simple sugars" | monosaccharides |
more than one monosaccharide linked together | oligosaccharides |
relatively insoluble molecules | lipids |
DNA bases | Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine |
moves substances against the concentration gradient | active transport |
moves material into the cell | endocytosis |
moves material out of the cell | exocytosis |
cells refining, packaging and shipping center | Golgi apparatus |
net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | osmosis |
composed of RNA, and attached to the ER | Ribosomes |
lack a nucleus and organelles | prokaryotes |
have a nucleus, cytoplasm and organelles | eukaryotes |
___________ transport requires no energy | passive |
____________ trasnport moves substances through the plasma against their concentration gradient | active |
helps maintain cell's volume | sodium potassium pump |
controls the cell and houses the DNA | nucleus |
responsible for protein synthesis inside the cell | ribosomes |
manufacturing center inside the cell | endoplasmic reticulum |
involved in the synthesis of protein released into the ER inside the cell | rough ER |
synthesizes packaging the proteins and lipids for delivery into the GA inside of the cell | smooth ER |
membrane bound shipping containers inside of the cell | vesicles |
provide energy for the cell | mitochondria |
sources of energy inside of the cell | fat and glycogen |
move materials along the surface | cilia |
help move the actual cell | flagella |