Term | Definition |
Cell cycle | The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication that produces two daughter cells. |
Interphase | Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which the cell spends the majority of its time and performs the majority of its purposes including preparation for cell division. |
Sister chromatid | Sister chromatids are generated when a single chromosome is replicated into two copies of itself, these copies being called sister chromatids. |
Centromere | The centromere is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore. Centromeres were first defined as genetic loci that direct the behavior of chromosomes. |
Mitosis | Mitosis is the process, in the cell cycle, by which a cell duplicates into two genetically alike daughter cells. In mitosis, chromosomes in the cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. |
Cytokinesis | Cytokinesis is the process in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. |
Daughter cell | One of the two or more cells formed in the division of a parent cell. |
Cell differentiation | In developmental biology, cellular differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. |
Stem cell | Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of embryological development (embryonic stem cells) and
Adult tissue (adult stem cells). |
Tissue | An aggregate of cells in an organism that have similar structure and function |
Organ | Biology A differentiated part of an organism, such as an eye, wing, or leaf, that performs a specific function. |
Organ system | A group of organs that work together to carry out a particular task. |