Term | Definition |
temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in matter |
ferenheit scale | the temerature scale on which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees |
celsius scale | the temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees |
kelvin scale | the temperature scale at which 0 is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter |
heat | thermal energy that is transferred from matter at a higher temperature to matter at a lower temperature |
specific heat | the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of material by 1 Kelvin |
conduction | the process when heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another without the movement of the matter |
convection | the transfer of heat by the movements of currents within a fluid |
convection current | a current caused by the rising of heated fluid and the sinking of cooled fluid |
radiation | the transfer of energy by electro-magnetic waves |
conductor | a material that conducts heat well |
insulator | a material that does not conduct heat well |
state | one of the 3 forms- solid, liquid, or gas in which most matter on Earth exists |
change of state | the physical change form one state of matter to another |
melting | the change of state from a solid to a liquid |
freezing | the change of state from a liquid to a solid |
evaporation | vaporization that takes place on the surface of a liquid |
boiling | vaporization that occurs below the surface of a liquid |
absolute zero | the temperature at which no more energy can be removed form matter |
condensation | a change from a gas state to a liquid state |
thermal expansion | the expanding of matter when it is heated |
thermal energy | the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object |