Question | Answer |
macrocytic anemia | folate, B12 deficiency, pernicious anemia , megaloblastic |
pernicious anemia | lack of intrinsic factor |
normocytic, normochromic | acute blood loss, aplastic anemia - marrow fails to make three types of blood cells - anemia, neutropenia (decrease WBCs), and thrombocytopenia (decrease platelets); drugs that cause this are felbamate, chloramphenicol, phenytoin |
hypochromic, microcytic anemia | IDA, sickle cell, thalassemia |
anemia of renal failure | lack of EPO |
IDA labs lookl like... | decrease in ferritin, decrease in iron, decrease in Hgb, increase TIBC |
IDA symptoms | koilonmychias, angular stomatitis, glossitis, pica |
megaloblastic anemia looks like... | decrease in Hct, Hgb, decrease in RBC, increase in MCH |
What has neuropsychiatric symptoms? | B12 deficiency, not folate |
iron supplement PO per day | 200 elemental per day |
ferrous sulfate | 65 mg; feosol, fer-in-sol |
ferrous gluconate | 35 mg; fergon |
ferrous fumarate | 99 mg; femiron, feostat |
iron dextran | infed |
iron sucrose | venofer |
sodium ferric gluconate | ferlecitt |
iron counseling points | take on empty stomach, can take with OJ, can use OTC docusate if have constipation |
iron ADRs | dark colored stools, constipation, diarrhea, N/V |
recommended daily intake of Vitamin B12 | 2 mcg/day |
vegan should get this much B12 per day | 1000 mcg/day |
IM cyanocobalamine (B12) | 1000 mcg IM QD x 1 week, then 100-1000 mcg QW x 4 weeks; then 100-1000 mcg QM |
B12 ADRs | hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, sodium retention, cardiac problems, itching, diarrhea, anaphylaxis |
EPO ADRs | immunogencity : pure red cell aplasia, increase in BP |
Darbo ADRs | HTN, hypotension, edema, arrhythmia, N/V, diarrhea, constipation, fatigue, fever, HA, myalgia, arthralgia, limb pain, infection, dyspnea, cough |