Question | Answer |
How many species per year we are losing | approximately 50,000 species |
Inbreeding | occurs when individuals with similar genotypes, generally relatives, breed with each other. |
Categories of Endangerment | Extinct:No individuals of the species are known to exist today.
Threatened:Species have a high risk of becoming extinct in the future.
Near-threatened:Species likely to become threatened.
Least concern:Species widespread and abundant in numbers. |
HIPCO | Habitat Loss
Invasive Species
Pollution
Climate Change
Overharvested |
Habitat Loss | For most species the greatest cause of decline and extinction |
Invasive Species | when alien species spread rapidly across large areas. |
Pollution | Threats to biodiversity from pollution can come from toxic contaminants such as pesticides, heavy metals, acids, and oil spills. |
Overharvesting | ndividuals of a species are removed at a rate faster than the population can replace them. |
Lacey Act | First passed in 1900, the act prohibited the transport of illegally harvested game animals, primarily birds and mammals, across state lines. |
CITES | Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
Developed by the United Nations in 1973 to control the international trade of threatened plants and animals. |
Red List | The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) maintains a list of threatened species, known as the Red List. |
Marine Mammal Protection Act | prohibits the killing of all marine mammals in the U.S. and prohibits the import or export of any marine mammal body parts. |
Endangered Species Act | it authorizes the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to determine which species can be listed as threatened or endangered and prohibits their harming. |
Convention on Biological Diversity | Treaty had three objectives:
conserve biodiversity
sustainably use biodiversity
equitably share the benefits that emerge from commercial use of genetic resources (e.g., pharmaceutical drugs) |
Points considered when managing/designing a protected area: | closeness to another area
how large the area is
the amount of edge habitat the area contains |
Edge habitat | the area where two different communities come together, typically forming an abrupt transition. |