Question | Answer |
What are some nursing interventions to promote sleep? | Environmental changes - lights off, limit noise and unnecessary disturbances
Bedtime routines
Promote comfort - pain meds, empty bladder
Stress reduction - deep breathing, massage
Bedtime snacks - carbohydrates |
What are ways to assess sleep? | Subjective - ask the client
Weekly sleep diary |
What are some factors that affect sleep? | Drugs and substances
Lifestyle
Societal changes
Stress
Sleep environment (sleep hygiene)
Exercise
Food intake |
What are some disorders of sleep? | Insomnia - affects 50% of adults; usually associated with another condition
Treatment - hypnotic medications; cognitive behavioral therapy
Sleep deprivation - can cause weight gain, impaired memory, digestive problems, slowed response time, etc. |
How do sleep requirements vary from neonates to adolescents? | Neonates - sleep 16 hours/day; REM sleep much longer
Infants - 15 hours/day; REM decreases
Preschool - 12 hours/night; REM at adult level
School age - more sleep variation
Adolescents - sleep drastically decreases |
How do sleep requirements vary from young adults to older adults? | Young adults - lot of sleep variation
Middle adults - sleep needs start to decline
Older adults - less of stages 3 and 4 sleep; REM also decreases |
What are the stages of sleep? | Stage 1 - light sleep (4-5%)
Stage 2 - light sleep (45-55%)
Stage 3 - deep sleep begins (4-6%)
Stage 4 - very deep sleep (12-15%)
Stage 5 - REM sleep (20-25%)
Need stages 3 and 4 to feel rested
Cycle lasts 90 minutes; can have multiple cycles/night |