Question | Answer |
Rock | A mixture of such minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials. |
Rock Cycle | A model created by scientists to show how rocks change over time. |
Igneous Rock | The type of rock magma forms when it cools and hardens. |
Lava | After magma has reached Earth's surface |
Intrusive | Rocks that form from magma below the surface |
Extrusive | Igneous rocks that are formed as lava cools on the surface of Earth. |
Basaltic | Igneous rocks that are dense, dark-colored, and form from magma that is rich in iron and magnesium but is poor in silica. |
Granitic | Igneous rocks that are light-colored rocks of lower density than basaltic rocks. |
Metamorphic Rocks | Rocks that have changed because of changes in temperature and presssure or the presence of hot, watery fluids. |
Foliated | When minerals line up in parallel layers. |
Nonfoliated | The mineral grains that grow and rearrange but they don't form layers. |
Sediments | Loose minerals such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of shell that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity. |
Sedimentary Rock | Forms when sediments are ressed and cemented together, or when minerals form from solutions. |
Compaction | If the sediments are small, they can stick together and form solid rock. |
Cementation | Occurs when minerals such as quartz, calcite, and hematite are deposited between the pieces of sediment. |