Word | Definition |
resistance exercise | exercise that works against weight and builds skeletal muscle |
red blood cells | cells within the blood that carry oxygen |
white blood cells | cells in blood that kill pathogens (invaders). |
blood pressure | the force exerted on the inside walls of blood vessels when the heart beats |
differentiation | the process of cells changing to take on specific functions in the body |
ligament | connective tissue that attaches bones to other bones |
tendon | connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones |
flexor | a muscle that bends part of the body when it contracts |
extensor | a muscle that straightens part of the body when it contracts |
marrow | The material inside bones where blood cells are made |
ball-and-socket joint | a joint found in the shoulder and hip that allows movement in many directions |
sliding joint | a joint, found in the wrist, ankle, and spine, that allows short movement |
hinge joint | a joint, found in the elbow and knee, that allows movement in two directions. |
smooth muscle | muscle type found in the digestive system and blood vessels |
cardiac muscle | muscle type found in the heart |
skeletal muscle | muscle type attached to bones that allows movement to occur |
atrium | one of the top two chambers of the heart |
ventricle | one of the two bottom chambers of the heart |
systemic circulation | circulation of blood between the heart and the body |
pulmonary circulation | circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs |
valve | a trap door in the heart and veins that prevents blood from flowing backward in the cardiovascular system |
vein | a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart |
artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
capillary | a tiny blood vessel that allows the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood cells and the cells of the body |
alveolus | an air sac in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged |