Question | Answer |
the organelle that acts as the cells control center and directs the cells activities. | NUCLEUS |
organelles that capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. | CHLOROPLAST |
organelles that convert energy in food to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. | MITOCHONDRIA |
plans make their own food in the form of sugars/ glucose using: | water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight |
a community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving environment. | ECOSYSTEM |
the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food. | PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
nearly all living things obtain energy either: | directly or indirectly from the energy of sunlight that is captured during photosynthesis. |
an organism that makes its own food is called a producer or an: | autotroph |
an organism that cannot make its own food is called a consumer or a: | heterotroph |
why do living things need energy? | To metabolize, reproduce, develop, move, perform functions, etc. Pretty much everything the body needs to do requires energy. so that they remain living things and not decomposed things. |
how do plant's make their own food? | during photosynthesis plants and some other organisms absorb energy from the sun use the energy to convert carbon dioxide and waters into sugar and oxygen. |
the main pigment for photosynthesis in chloroplasts | chlorophyll |
what happens in the first stage of photosynthesis? | energy from the sunlight is captured. |
what happens in the second stage of photosynthesis? | cells produce sugars |
how do cells produce sugars in photosynthesis? | powered by the energy captured hydrogen and carbon dioxide undergo a series of reactions that result in sugars. |
what is one important sugar that is produced? | glucose |
another product of photosynthesis is: | oxygen gas O2, oxygen forms during the first stage when water molecules are split apart. |
THE PHOTOSYNTHESIS EQUATION | light energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O----- C6H12O6 + 6O2
WHICH IN WORDS IS LIGHT ENERGY + CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER = GLUCOSE + OXYGEN. |
when you eat foofd from plants such as potatoes or carrots you are also eating the plants______________ | stored energy |
what in plant cells captures energy from the sunlight? | chlorophyll |
why would a plant produce more oxygen on a sunny day rather than a cloudy day? | because photosynthesis is done best on a sunny day by capturing energy from the sunlight and one of the products of photosynthesis is oxygen. |
what happens during photosynthesis: | powered by the energy captured in stage 1 hydrogen and carbon dioxide undergo a series of reactions that result in sugars. |
the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. | cellular respiration |
what happens during cellular respiration? | cells break down glucose and other molecules from the food in the presence of oxygen, releasing energy. |
what are called the powerhouses of the cell? | mitochondria |
cellular respiration equation: | glucose + oxygen = carbon + water + energy |
an energy releasing process that does not require oxygen, plant cells releasing energy for cell functioning: | fermentation |
what happens during fermentation: | cells release energy from food without using oxygen. |
the process by which molecules of liquid water absorb energy and change to gas is called: | evaporation |
the process by which a gas changes to liquid is called: | condensation |
rain, snow, sleet, or hail. | precipitation |
in ecosystems, producers, consumers, and decomposers all play roles in: | recycling carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen |
the process by which carbon moves within and between organisms and their physical environment | the carbon cycle |
the processes by which carbon and oxygen are recycled are linked. | the oxygen cycle |
human activities also affect the levels of carbon and oxygen in the atmosphere. | human impact |
the process of changing free nitrogen into a form of nitrogen. | nitrogen fixation. |
once nitrogen is fixed, producers can use it to: | build proteins and other complex compounds. |
what eats nitrogen compounds in plants? | consumers |
what uses simple nitrogen compounds to make proteins and other complex compounds? | producers |
what returns simple nitrogen compounds to the soil? | decomposers |
bacteria in root nodules fix what into simple compounds ? | free nitrogen |
soil bacteria release what into the air? | free nitrogen |
respiration equation: | glucose + oxygen ----- carbon dioxide + water + energy |
according to the what the total amount of matter and energy in the earth system stays constant. | the conservation laws |
the process of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation make up: | the water cycle. |
matter and energy are conserved in the ecosystems through the processes of: | photosynthesis and respiration |
light energy figure shows : | carbon dioxide as gray, water as blue, oxygen as red, and sugars as green. |
in which cell structure does cellular respiration take place? | mitochondria |
what is one common food that is made with the help of fermentation? | bread |
what happens during the first stage of cellular respiration? | molecules of glucose are broke down into smaller molecules. |
what happens during the second stage of cellular respiration? | the small molecules are broken down even more. |
how is breathing related to cellular respiration? | the word respiration can mean breathing or moving air in and out of your lungs. so in this case they're pretty related. |
which group of organisms is the source of oxygen in the oxygen cycle? | producers. |
what is the role of the producer in the carbon cycle? | to take in carbon dioxide gas from the air during photosynthesis. |
what is the role of the consumer in the carbon cycle/ | consumers eat producers as they take in the carbon-containing food molecules. and break down the food to obtain energy. |