Question | Answer |
Name the properties of a solid. | Materials have a definite shape and a definite volume. |
Name the properties of a liquid. | A material has a definite volume but not a definite shape. |
Name the properties of a gas. | A material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. |
What is kinetic energy and what does it mean in Greek? | It is the energy an object has due to its motion and it means "to move" in Greek. |
What is the result of a force distributed over an area? | It is pressure. |
At what temperature is absolute zero? | A temperature of 0 K. |
What does Charles's law state? | That the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number of particles of a gas are constant. |
What does Boyle's Law state? | That the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant. |
What is a reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another? | A phase change. |
What happens during an endothermic change? | The system absorbs energy from its surroundings. |
What is the heat of fusion? | The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid. |
What happens during an exothermic change? Give an example. | The system releases energy to its surroundings. Ex: Freezing. |
What is vaporization? | The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas. |
What is heat of vaporization? | It is the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas. |
Explain the process of evaporation. | Evaporation is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance's boiling point. |
What is the pressure caused by the collisions of particles in a vapor with the walls of a container? | Vapor pressure. |
What is condensation? Give an example. | It is the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid. Ex: Morning dew on blades of grass. |
What is the phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first? | Sublimation. |
What is the phase change of deposition? | When a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing to a liquid. |