Question | Answer |
Earthquake | Any shaking or rapid motion of Earth's solid outer layers |
Fault | a zone of weakness or a crack where previous motion occured. |
Focus | the place underground where the break first occurs |
Epicenter | the location at the Earth's surface just above the focus |
Seismometer | an instument that detects vibrations of the ground |
P-waves | *travel faster than s-waves
*"p" stands for primary/push-pull(describes the ground's movement
* pass through liquid |
S-waves | * "s" stands for secondary or side-side(ground movement
*motion is like traveling down a rope
*pass through solids |
crust | outermost layer of our planet |
Moho/Mohorovicic discontinuity | the layer of earth were earthquake waves suddenly get faster |
refraction | bending of the waves |
shadow zone | a ring shaped region caused by bending of the waves at the mantle-core boundary |
Ring of Fire | A ring of the most # of volcanoes and seismic events around the edges of the Pacific Ocean |
tsunami | A big wave usually caused by a earthquake or landslide under water |
Alfred Wegener | The scientist who came up with the theory of continental drift |
Continental Drift | the theory that all the continents fit together and eventually broke into continents |
Pangea | "the super continent",or when all continents were together |
Convergent boundary | colliding plates |
Divergent boundary | separating plates |
subduction zone | when a oceanic plate dives underneath a continental plate |
trenches | linear troughs caused by subduction zones |
island arcs | island groups caused by rising magma plumes from decending plates |
Transform boundary | where plates slide past each other |
mid ocean ridges | where upwelling magma creates new crust that moves away from the ridge in both directions |
rift zone | also known as a divergent plate boundary |
conduction | allows energy to flow through solids,very slow process |
convection | distibutes heat through solids |
hot spot | when a lithospheric plate moves over a source of magma,to form volcanoes |