Question | Answer |
alveleoli | tiny saclike structures in the
lungs at which gas exchange takes
place |
arteries | a blood vessel that carries blood
away from the heart |
atrium | the thin-walled,
upper chambers that receive blood
into the heart |
bronchi | two tubes that branch off from the trachea
and enter the lungs |
bronchioles | several small tubes that branch off from the bronchi and lead into the alveoli of the respiratory system |
capillary | the smallest blood vessel in a
closed circulatory system; where
materials are exchanged with surrounding
tissues |
cilia | small, hairlike structures on the
surface of cells that aid life
processes |
circulation | the movement of blood
through the blood vessels of an animal |
closed circulatory system | a transport
system in which the blood does not
leave the blood vessels |
diastolic pressure | the pressure of the
blood between heart contractions,
at its lowest point |
exhalation | the movement of air out
of the respiratory system |
gills | the respiratory organs of waterbreathing
vertebrates |
inhalation | the movement of air into
the respiratory system |
nasal cavity | the start of the respiratory
system at which the air is filtered,
odors are detected, and
humidity and temperature are
adjusted for respiration |
open circulatory system | system in
which blood circulates around the
organs |
phloem | tubes that carry carbohydrates
from the leaves to the rest of
a plant |
plasma | the liquid portion of blood;
contains water and dissolved substances |
platelets | fragments of blood cells that
help the blood clot normally |
pulmonary | pertaining to structure
and/or function of the lungs |
respiratory surface | the moist area of
an animal at which gas exchange
occurs |
root hairs | an extension of the cells
that line roots, which increases the
surface area for absorption |
systemic | pertaining to the whole
body of an organism |
systolic pressure | the pressure of the
blood when the heart is contracting,
at its highest point |
trachea | the air tube that connects the
pharynx to the bronchi; the windpipe |
tracheae | in insects, air tubes that connect
the inside to outside for gas
exchange |
transpiration | in plants, the loss of
water vapor from the stomates of a
leaf |
veins | a blood vessel that carries blood
toward the heart |
ventricle | the thick-walled, lower
chambers that push blood out of
the heart |
xylem | tubes that carry water and
nutrients from the roots up
through a plant |